Bornstein Marc H, Putnick Diane L, Esposito Gianluca
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 8404 Irvington Ave., Bethesda MD 20817, U.S.A.
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.
Parent Sci Pract. 2022;22(2):83-127. doi: 10.1080/15295192.2022.2057799. Epub 2022 May 9.
To test three competing models of the nature and structure of maternal parenting practices with infants in U.S. national and multiple international samples. The three models were a one-factor dimensional model, a multi-factor style model, and a hybrid two-factor/six-domain model. Undertaking this evaluation of parenting with national and international samples permits a wide yet judicious analysis of culture-common versus culture-specific models of maternal parenting practices with young infants.
Basic caregiving practices of primiparous mothers with their 5-month-old infants during naturalistic interactions at home in nine different cultures were videorecorded, microcoded, and analyzed. Individual practices were organized into nurture, physical, social, didactic, material, and language domains.
In Study 1 using a U.S. national sample ( = 360), analyses of the structure of mothers' parenting practices yielded a best-fitting two-factor/six-domain structure. In Study 2, using a 9-nation sample ( = 653), the two-factor/six-domain structure was largely replicated and partial metric invariance achieved.
Mothers' parenting in the middle of the first year of their infant's life is commonly structured and adapted to the universal needs and developmental tasks of infants' surviving and thriving.
在美国全国性样本以及多个国际样本中，对母亲育儿行为的本质和结构的三种相互竞争的模型进行测试。这三种模型分别是单因素维度模型、多因素风格模型以及混合双因素/六领域模型。利用全国性和国际性样本对育儿方式进行评估，能够对与年幼婴儿相关的母亲育儿行为的文化共性模型和文化特异性模型进行广泛而审慎的分析。
对九个不同文化背景下初产母亲与她们5个月大婴儿在家中自然互动时的基本照料行为进行录像、微观编码并分析。个体行为被组织为养育、身体、社交、教导、物质和语言领域。
在研究1中，使用美国全国性样本（n = 360），对母亲育儿行为结构的分析得出了最佳拟合的双因素/六领域结构。在研究2中，使用9国样本（n = 653），双因素/六领域结构在很大程度上得到了复制，并实现了部分度量不变性。
母亲在婴儿出生后第一年中期的育儿行为通常具有一定结构，并能适应婴儿生存和茁壮成长的普遍需求及发展任务。
