Blachowicz Adriana, Romsdahl Jillian, Chiang Abby J, Masonjones Sawyer, Kalkum Markus, Stajich Jason E, Torok Tamas, Wang Clay C C, Venkateswaran Kasthuri
Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Biotechnology and Planetary Protection Group, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Jun 30;13:893071. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.893071. eCollection 2022.
Due to immense phenotypic plasticity and adaptability, is a cosmopolitan fungus that thrives in versatile environments, including the International Space Station (ISS). This is the first report of genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic alterations observed in strain JSC-093350089 grown in a controlled experiment aboard the ISS. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) revealed that ISS conditions, including microgravity and enhanced irradiation, triggered non-synonymous point mutations in specific regions, chromosomes VIII and XII of the JSC-093350089 genome when compared to the ground-grown control. Proteome analysis showed altered abundance of proteins involved in carbohydrate metabolism, stress response, and cellular amino acid and protein catabolic processes following growth aboard the ISS. Metabolome analysis further confirmed that space conditions altered molecular suite of ISS-grown JSC-093350089. After regrowing both strains on Earth, production of antioxidant-Pyranonigrin A was significantly induced in the ISS-flown, but not the ground control strain. In summary, the microgravity and enhanced irradiation triggered unique molecular responses in the JSC-093350089 suggesting adaptive responses.
由于具有巨大的表型可塑性和适应性，[具体真菌名称未给出]是一种世界性真菌，能在包括国际空间站（ISS）在内的多种环境中茁壮生长。这是关于在国际空间站上进行的一项对照实验中生长的[具体真菌名称未给出]菌株JSC - 093350089所观察到的基因组、蛋白质组和代谢组改变的首次报告。全基因组测序（WGS）显示，与地面生长的对照相比，包括微重力和增强辐射在内的国际空间站条件在JSC - 093350089基因组的特定区域，即第八条和第十二条染色体上引发了非同义点突变。蛋白质组分析表明，在国际空间站上生长后，参与碳水化合物代谢、应激反应以及细胞氨基酸和蛋白质分解代谢过程的蛋白质丰度发生了改变。代谢组分析进一步证实，太空条件改变了在国际空间站上生长的JSC - 093350089的分子组。在地球上使两种菌株再次生长后，抗氧化剂 - 吡喃尼日林A的产生在搭乘国际空间站飞行过的菌株中被显著诱导，但在地面对照菌株中未被诱导。总之，微重力和增强辐射在JSC - 093350089中引发了独特的分子反应，表明其具有适应性反应。
