Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.
J Food Biochem. 2022 Nov;46(11):e14336. doi: 10.1111/jfbc.14336. Epub 2022 Jul 18.
Hypertension is one of the common co-morbidities in diabetes. Thus, the present study sought to study the effects of composite biscuits from the mixture of acha (Digitaria exilis) and sandpaper (Fiscus exasperata) leaf flours (ASLF) on mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), arginase, cholinergic, purinergic enzymatic cascade, and nitric oxide (NO) levels as well as oxidative status in streptozotocin (STZ)/L-N -nitro arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive/diabetic rats. Experimental rats were distributed randomly into 7 groups (n = 5). Group I-III rats were placed on the basal diet; IV-VII rats were placed on composite biscuits designated as A, B, C, and D respectively for 14 days. On the 13th day, the MABP of the experimental rats was monitored and recorded. Thereafter, the rats were sacrificed, tissues of interest were harvested, and homogenized. Subsequently, the activity of arginase cholinesterase and purinergic enzymes, as well as NO levels were evaluated in the experimental rats. However, hypertensive/diabetic rats placed on the formulated diet exhibited reduced MABP when compared with the untreated hypertensive/diabetic rats. Also, altered activity of arginase, cholinergic and purinergic were restored in diet-treated hypertensive/diabetic rats when compared with hypertensive/diabetic rats. Similarly, the NO level and antioxidant status of the treated hypertensive/diabetic rats were notably enhanced when compared with hypertensive/diabetic rats. It could be inferred that composite biscuits exhibited an ameliorative effect in hypertensive/diabetic states via their reductive effect on the MABP, arginase, cholinesterase, and purinergic enzymes and enhanced NO levels in hypertensive/diabetic rats. Meanwhile, the biscuit designated as D had seems better when their effects were compared holistically. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Acha grains and sandpaper leaf have been used in the folklore for disease treatment. However, the production of composite biscuits from these naturally available recipes for the management of hypertensive diabetics proved therapeutic since their effect on hypertensive diabetic rats is positive. Therefore, the composite biscuit will offer nutraceutical benefits to both healthy and disease individuals.
高血压是糖尿病常见的合并症之一。因此，本研究旨在研究混合acha（Digitaria exilis）和砂纸（Fiscus exasperata）叶粉（ASLF）制成的复合饼干对平均动脉血压（MABP）、精氨酸酶、胆碱能、嘌呤能酶级联和一氧化氮（NO）水平以及氧化应激的影响在链脲佐菌素（STZ）/L-N-硝基精氨酸甲酯（L-NAME）诱导的高血压/糖尿病大鼠中。实验大鼠随机分为 7 组（n=5）。I-III 组大鼠给予基础饮食；IV-VII 组大鼠分别给予复合饼干 A、B、C、D 14 天。第 13 天监测并记录实验大鼠的平均动脉血压。之后处死大鼠，采集感兴趣的组织并匀浆。随后评估实验大鼠精氨酸酶、胆碱酯酶和嘌呤能酶的活性以及 NO 水平。然而，与未治疗的高血压/糖尿病大鼠相比，给予配方饮食的高血压/糖尿病大鼠的平均动脉血压降低。同样，与高血压/糖尿病大鼠相比，饮食治疗的高血压/糖尿病大鼠的精氨酸酶、胆碱能和嘌呤能活性发生改变。同样，与高血压/糖尿病大鼠相比，治疗后的高血压/糖尿病大鼠的 NO 水平和抗氧化状态明显增强。可以推断，复合饼干通过降低 MABP、精氨酸酶、胆碱酯酶和嘌呤能酶以及增强高血压/糖尿病大鼠的 NO 水平，对高血压/糖尿病状态具有改善作用。同时，当综合比较它们的效果时，饼干 D 似乎更好。实用程序：acha 谷物和砂纸叶已在民间用于治疗疾病。然而，用这些天然可用的食谱生产复合饼干来管理高血压糖尿病被证明是有效的，因为它们对高血压糖尿病大鼠的作用是积极的。因此，复合饼干将为健康人和患者提供营养益处。
