Departament de Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Passeig Vall d'Hebron, 171, 08035, Barcelona, Spain.
Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences, Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain.
Clin Obes. 2022 Dec;12(6):e12543. doi: 10.1111/cob.12543. Epub 2022 Jul 18.
Weight discrimination is one of the worst forms of prejudice and is deeply rooted in society. The aim of this study was to adapt the anti-fat attitudes scale (AFA) to the Spanish general population. The sample consisted of 1248 participants from the Spanish community population. They were recruited through the internet and participated voluntarily. Women (77.8%) were more predominant than men. Regarding body weight categories, 5.3% were underweight, 43.5% were normal-weight, 24.9% were overweight and 26.3% had obesity. A cross-validation method with an exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the three-factor structure of the AFA. The Spanish version of the AFA showed a satisfactory internal consistency for all three factors, as well as adequate test-retest reliability after a 1-month interval. Finally, the Spanish version of the AFA seems to be an adequate tool to assess negative attitudes towards obesity in both clinical and research settings. Men presented more negative attitudes towards obesity and were convinced that obesity is under someone's control. Women presented more fear of gaining weight. Normal-weight people were those who discriminated more. Participants with overweight or obesity suffered more fear of gaining weight. There was no intra-group discrimination between individuals with overweight and obesity.
体重歧视是最恶劣的偏见形式之一,它深深扎根于社会。本研究旨在将反肥胖态度量表(AFA)适用于西班牙普通人群。样本由来自西班牙社区的 1248 名参与者组成。他们通过互联网招募,自愿参与。女性(77.8%)比男性更为普遍。就体重类别而言,5.3%的人体重不足,43.5%的人体重正常,24.9%的人体重超重,26.3%的人体重肥胖。采用探索性和验证性因素分析的交叉验证方法证实了 AFA 的三因素结构。AFA 的西班牙语版本在所有三个因素上均表现出令人满意的内部一致性,并且在 1 个月的间隔后具有足够的重测信度。最后,AFA 的西班牙语版本似乎是一种在临床和研究环境中评估对肥胖的负面态度的适当工具。男性对肥胖的态度更为消极,并认为肥胖是可以控制的。女性则更担心体重增加。体重正常的人更具歧视性。超重或肥胖的参与者更担心体重增加。超重和肥胖的个体之间没有群体内歧视。