Department of Physics and Astronomical Science, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra (H.P.), India.
Department of Physics, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, South Korea.
Luminescence. 2023 Jul;38(7):909-953. doi: 10.1002/bio.4334. Epub 2022 Aug 29.
Low dimensional materials have attracted great research interest from both theoretical and experimental point of views. These materials exhibit novel physical and chemical properties due to the confinement effect in low dimensions. The experimental observations of graphene open a new platform to study the physical properties of materials restricted to two dimensions. This featured article provides a review on the novel properties of quasi one-dimensional (1D) material known as graphene nanoribbon. Graphene nanoribbons can be obtained by unzipping carbon nanotubes (CNT) or cutting the graphene sheet. Alternatively, it is also called the finite termination of graphene edges. It gives rise to different edge geometries, namely zigzag and armchair, among others. There are various physical and chemical techniques to realize these materials. Depending on the edge type termination, these are called the zigzag and armchair graphene nanoribbons (ZGNR and AGNR). These edges play an important role in controlling the properties of graphene nanoribbons. The present review article provides an overview of the electronic, transport, optical, and magnetic properties of graphene nanoribbons. However, there are different ways to tune these properties for device applications. Here, some of them, such as external perturbations and chemical modifications, are highlighted. Few applications of graphene nanoribbon have also been briefly discussed.
低维材料从理论和实验两个方面都引起了极大的研究兴趣。由于在低维空间的限制作用，这些材料表现出新颖的物理和化学性质。石墨烯的实验观察为研究限制在二维空间的材料的物理性质提供了一个新的平台。本文综述了准一维（1D）材料石墨烯纳米带的新颖性质。石墨烯纳米带可以通过展开碳纳米管（CNT）或切割石墨烯片获得。或者，它也被称为石墨烯边缘的有限终止。它产生了不同的边缘几何形状，例如锯齿形和扶手椅形等。有各种物理和化学技术可以实现这些材料。根据边缘类型的终止，它们被称为锯齿形和扶手椅形石墨烯纳米带（ZGNR 和 AGNR）。这些边缘在控制石墨烯纳米带的性质方面起着重要作用。本文综述了石墨烯纳米带的电子、输运、光学和磁性质。然而，为了实现器件应用，有许多方法可以调节这些性质。这里，强调了一些方法，例如外部扰动和化学修饰。简要讨论了石墨烯纳米带的一些应用。
