Farooq Umar, Tahir Madeeha, Waqas Hassan, Muhammad Taseer, Alshehri Ahmad, Imran Muhammad
Department of Mathematics, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
Department of Mathematics, Government College Women University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
Sci Rep. 2022 Jul 18;12(1):12254. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-15658-w.
The thermal processes with inclusion of nanomaterials provide a wide range of applications pertaining to heat exchangers and cooling of compact heat density devices. The current research investigates the three-dimension flow of hybrid nanofluid comprising TC4(Ti-6A-14V) and Nichrome 80% Ni and 20% Cr nanoparticles mixed within engine oil as the base fluid for the enhancement of heat and mass transfer rate. The effects of homogeneous-heterogeneous processes and thermal radiation are incorporated. The heat transfer occurs due to a rotating inclined stretched sheet is discussed against prominent factors such as thermal radiation, inclined angle parameter, rotation parameter, and heat source/sink. The leading mathematical formulation consists of a set of PDEs, which are then transmuted into ordinary differential equations using suitable similarity transformation. The numerical solutions are obtained by using MATLAB's built-in function bvp4c. The results for velocity profile, temperature profile and concentration distribution are evaluated for suitable ranges of the controlling parameters. The graphical result shows that when the angle of inclination, magnetic parameter, and the volumetric concentration of hybrid nanomaterials increase the axial flow profile of the hybrid nanofluid is reduced. However, the rotation parameter reveals the opposite response. The temperature is intensified with an increment of heat source/sink, shape factors, and magnetic field parameter. For enhanced nanoparticle volumetric concentration, the temperature of the fluid rises up. The graphical validation is also illustrated using streamlines and statistical plots for hybrid nanofluid.
包含纳米材料的热过程在热交换器以及紧凑型热密度设备的冷却方面有着广泛的应用。当前的研究探讨了一种混合纳米流体的三维流动，该混合纳米流体由TC4（Ti - 6Al - 4V）和镍铬合金（80% Ni和20% Cr）纳米颗粒与作为基础流体的发动机油混合而成，目的是提高传热传质速率。研究纳入了均相 - 非均相过程和热辐射的影响。针对诸如热辐射、倾斜角参数、旋转参数以及热源/热汇等显著因素，讨论了由于旋转倾斜拉伸片引起的热传递。主要的数学公式由一组偏微分方程组成，然后通过合适的相似变换将其转化为常微分方程。使用MATLAB的内置函数bvp4c获得数值解。针对控制参数的合适范围，评估了速度分布、温度分布和浓度分布的结果。图形结果表明，当倾斜角、磁参数以及混合纳米材料的体积浓度增加时，混合纳米流体的轴向流动分布会减小。然而，旋转参数呈现出相反的响应。温度随着热源/热汇、形状因子和磁场参数的增加而升高。对于增加的纳米颗粒体积浓度，流体的温度会上升。还使用混合纳米流体的流线和统计图说明了图形验证。
