St George's University Hospital, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
MU Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Folia Med (Plovdiv). 2021 Dec 31;63(6):847-857. doi: 10.3897/folmed.63.e57073.
Management of deep facial burns is a serious challenge for many reasons: a considerable anatomic and functional diversity is concentrated in a small space, a uniform treatment does not exist, late sequelae are frequent and may be severe, and the literature on the subject is ambiguous.
To analyse management of deep facial burns.
A retrospective medical chart review was conducted for 569 patients with deep facial burns hospitalized between January 2005 and January 2015. Demographic data, type, depth and size of burns, chronology and type of surgical treatment, length of hospital stay, and type and incidence of late sequelae were analysed and compared.
Over 10 years, 596 patients with deep facial burns, 216 (36.24%) females and 380 (63.76%) males, aged from 5 months to 95 years (mean 39.5±26 years) were treated. The most common burn agents were hot liquids and flames. The mean total body surface area (TBSA) burned was 17±13.3%. Concomitant eye injury was detected in 63 (10.6%) patients. Priority was given to the early, meticulous, staged surgical approach aimed at sparing the survived tissues and rapid wound closure. Follow-up ranged from 3 months to 5 years. Late functional sequelae were documented for 50 (8.38%) patients and ocular sequelae - for 33 (5.54%) of them. There was no incidence of secondary corneal perforation or definitive loss of vision.
Adequate and up-to-date acute management of deep facial burns based on early, judicious, surgical approach could limit initial damage and reduce late sequelae.
由于以下诸多原因，深度面部烧伤的治疗极具挑战性：大量的解剖学和功能多样性集中在一个小空间内，不存在统一的治疗方法，晚期后遗症频繁且可能严重，而且该主题的文献存在歧义。
分析深度面部烧伤的治疗方法。
对 2005 年 1 月至 2015 年 1 月期间住院的 569 例深度面部烧伤患者进行回顾性病历分析。分析并比较了人口统计学数据、烧伤类型、深度和面积、手术治疗的时间和类型、住院时间以及晚期后遗症的类型和发生率。
10 年间，共收治 596 例深度面部烧伤患者，其中女性 216 例（36.24%），男性 380 例（63.76%），年龄 5 个月至 95 岁（平均 39.5±26 岁）。最常见的烧伤剂是热液和火焰。烧伤总面积（TBSA）平均为 17±13.3%。63 例（10.6%）患者伴有眼部损伤。早期、细致、分阶段的手术方法是治疗的重点，目的是保存存活组织并快速闭合伤口。随访时间为 3 个月至 5 年。50 例（8.38%）患者出现晚期功能后遗症，33 例（5.54%）患者出现眼部后遗症。无二次角膜穿孔或永久性视力丧失的病例。
基于早期、明智的手术方法，对深度面部烧伤进行充分、最新的急性治疗，可以限制初始损伤并减少晚期后遗症。
