School of Health Professions, Division of Medical Laboratory Sciences, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX United States.
Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555, United States.
Immunohematology. 2022 Jul 5;38(2):43-50. doi: 10.21307/immunohematology-2022-040.
As population diversity in the United States expands, understanding antigen prevalence by ethnic group is essential. Differences in antigen prevalence among ethnicities have caused increased alloimmunization in chronically transfused patients. Recognizing these differences in patients and donors can reduce the risk of patients developing alloantibodies. Also, determining the antigen prevalence by ethnicity will improve the ability of blood centers to have compatible blood available. Thus far, there has not been significant published data on antigen prevalence of the U.S. Hispanic population. A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed to determine the prevalence of red blood cell (RBC) antigens, as determined by human erythrocyte antigen genotyping, in South Texas Hispanic blood donors. A total of 3455 donors, seen from 1 January 2015 to 31 May 2020, were included in the study. These donors met the inclusion criteria of self-selecting Hispanic ethnicity and successfully donating a RBC component. The antigen results for each included donor were entered into a data collection spreadsheet. The prevalence of each antigen was calculated. A binomial test was performed to determine if the observed results are statistically different as compared with the published prevalence of antigens in white and black populations. After statistical analysis, the p value for most antigens was statistically significant ( < 0.05). The Kidd blood group antigens were the only major antigens that did not show a significant difference. Cohen's h showed a large effect size for most antigens when compared with those of the black population and a small to medium effect size when compared with those of the white population. For most blood groups antigens, their prevalence in Hispanic donors was significantly different than that published for both white and black populations.
随着美国人口多样性的扩大，了解按族裔划分的抗原流行情况至关重要。不同族裔之间的抗原流行差异导致慢性输血患者的同种免疫反应增加。在患者和供者中认识到这些差异可以降低患者产生同种抗体的风险。此外，通过族裔确定抗原流行情况将提高血库提供相容血液的能力。迄今为止，关于美国西班牙裔人群的抗原流行情况，尚未有大量已发表的数据。本研究通过回顾性横断面研究，确定了南德克萨斯州西班牙裔献血者的红细胞（RBC）抗原流行情况，这些抗原是通过人类红细胞抗原基因分型确定的。共有 3455 名献血者符合研究条件，他们于 2015 年 1 月 1 日至 2020 年 5 月 31 日期间就诊，成功捐献了 RBC 成分。每位纳入的献血者的抗原结果都被输入数据收集电子表格。计算了每种抗原的流行率。进行二项式检验以确定观察结果与白人及黑人人群中抗原的公布流行率是否存在统计学差异。经过统计学分析，大多数抗原的 p 值具有统计学意义（<0.05）。Kidd 血型抗原是唯一未显示显著差异的主要抗原。与黑人人群相比，大多数抗原的 Cohen's h 具有较大的效应量，与白人人群相比，效应量较小至中等。对于大多数血型抗原，其在西班牙裔献血者中的流行率与白人及黑人人群公布的流行率存在显著差异。
