Division of Plastic Pediatric Surgery, Pediatric Surgery Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, c/O'Donnell, 52, 28007, Madrid, Spain.
Pediatr Surg Int. 2022 Oct;38(10):1445-1451. doi: 10.1007/s00383-022-05184-1. Epub 2022 Jul 19.
Ectopic breast tissue (EBT) includes a spectrum of disease that entails other entities based on the presence of glandular tissue, nipple, or areola. The diagnosis in adolescents is infrequent.
A retrospective study was performed including girls with axillary EBT (class IV or V of Kajava's Classification) operated in 2006-2020. Imagining studies, clinical and surgical reports, and histopathology were reviewed.
Eleven girls from 13 to 16 years old were included. Two patients (18.2%) presented bilateral EBT. The most frequent clinical manifestation was 2-5 cm mass (100%), associating cyclic pain with menstruation (45%) and fluctuating volume (36%). Bilateral axillary ultrasonography allowed preoperative diagnosis. All of them were treated by open excision, through small incisions located in an axillary y fold. Clinical and aesthetic results were self-assessed as "very good", with normalization of the axillary y hollow and imperceptible scars. No recurrences were observed after one year of follow-up. An immediate postoperative hematoma was reported, which did not require drainage. Histopathology showed mature breast tissue without atypia.
Axillary accessory breasts must be included in differential diagnosis of pediatric axillary masses. Bilateral ultrasonography is recommended for the preoperative diagnosis. Excision through minimal incision at this age seems to be safe and effective.
异位乳腺组织（EBT）包括一系列疾病，根据腺体组织、乳头或乳晕的存在，包含其他实体。在青少年中的诊断并不常见。
对 2006 年至 2020 年间在腋窝行 EBT（Kajava 分类法 IV 类或 V 类）手术的女孩进行回顾性研究。回顾了影像学研究、临床和手术报告以及组织病理学检查。
共纳入 11 名 13 至 16 岁的女孩。2 例（18.2%）患者双侧 EBT。最常见的临床表现为 2-5cm 的肿块（100%），与月经相关的周期性疼痛（45%）和波动的体积（36%）相关。双侧腋窝超声检查可在术前做出诊断。所有患者均通过位于腋窝 y 皱襞的小切口行开放切除。临床和美学结果自我评估为“非常好”，腋窝 y 凹陷恢复正常，瘢痕不可见。随访 1 年无复发。报告 1 例术后即刻血肿，无需引流。组织病理学显示成熟的乳腺组织，无异型性。
腋窝副乳腺应纳入儿童腋窝肿块的鉴别诊断。推荐行双侧超声检查以明确术前诊断。在这个年龄段，通过小切口切除似乎是安全有效的。
