Stratingh Institute for Chemistry University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aobaku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2022 Oct 4;61(40):e202206631. doi: 10.1002/anie.202206631. Epub 2022 Sep 5.
Molecular machines are at the frontier of biology and chemistry. The ability to control molecular motion and emulating the movement of biological systems are major steps towards the development of responsive and adaptive materials. Amazing progress has been seen for the design of molecular machines including light-induced unidirectional rotation of overcrowded alkenes. However, the feasibility of inducing unidirectional rotation about a single bond as a result of chemical conversion has been a challenging task. In this Review, an overview of approaches towards the design, synthesis, and dynamic properties of different classes of atropisomers which can undergo controlled switching or rotation under the influence of a chemical stimulus is presented. They are categorized as molecular switches, rotors, motors, and autonomous motors according to their type of response. Furthermore, we provide a future perspective and challenges focusing on building sophisticated molecular machines.
分子机器处于生物学和化学的前沿。控制分子运动和模拟生物系统的运动是开发响应性和适应性材料的重要步骤。在设计分子机器方面已经取得了惊人的进展，包括光诱导的过度拥挤烯烃的单向旋转。然而，由于化学转化而导致单键单向旋转的可行性一直是一项具有挑战性的任务。在这篇综述中，介绍了不同类别的轴手性化合物的设计、合成和动态特性的概述，这些化合物可以在化学刺激的影响下进行受控的开关或旋转。根据它们的响应类型，它们被归类为分子开关、转子、马达和自主马达。此外，我们还提供了一个未来的视角和挑战，重点是构建复杂的分子机器。
