Guo Na, Huo Wenjie, Dong Xiaoyu, Sun Zhefei, Lu Yutao, Wu Xianwen, Dai Lei, Wang Ling, Lin Haichen, Liu Haodong, Liang Hanfeng, He Zhangxing, Zhang Qiaobao
School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, 063009, China.
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
Small Methods. 2022 Sep;6(9):e2200597. doi: 10.1002/smtd.202200597. Epub 2022 Jul 19.
Zinc ion batteries (ZIBs) have been gradually developed in recent years due to their abundant resources, low cost, and environmental friendliness. Therefore, ZIBs have received a great deal of attention from researchers, which are considered as the next generation of portable energy storage systems. However, poor overall performance of ZIBs restricts their development, which is attributed to zinc dendrites and a series of side reactions. Constructing 3D zinc anodes has proven to be an effective way to significantly improve their electrochemical performance. In this review, the challenges of zinc anodes in ZIBs, including zinc dendrites, hydrogen evolution and corrosion, as well as passivation, are comprehensively summarized and the energy storage mechanisms of the zinc anodes and 3D zinc anodes are discussed. 3D zinc anodes with different structures including fiberous, porous, ridge-like structures, plated zinc anodes on different substrates and other 3D zinc anodes, are subsequently discussed in detail. Finally, emerging opportunities and perspectives on the material design of 3D zinc anodes are highlighted and challenges that need to be solved in future practical applications are discussed, hopefully illuminating the way forward for the development of ZIBs.
近年来，锌离子电池（ZIBs）因其资源丰富、成本低廉且环境友好而得到逐步发展。因此，ZIBs受到了研究人员的广泛关注，被视为下一代便携式储能系统。然而，ZIBs的整体性能不佳限制了其发展，这归因于锌枝晶和一系列副反应。构建三维锌负极已被证明是显著提高其电化学性能的有效方法。在这篇综述中，全面总结了ZIBs中锌负极面临的挑战，包括锌枝晶、析氢和腐蚀以及钝化，并讨论了锌负极和三维锌负极的储能机制。随后详细讨论了具有不同结构的三维锌负极，包括纤维状、多孔、脊状结构、不同基底上的镀锌负极以及其他三维锌负极。最后，强调了三维锌负极材料设计的新机遇和前景，并讨论了未来实际应用中需要解决的挑战，希望为ZIBs的发展指明前进方向。
