Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
National Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2022 Jul 19;7(1):241. doi: 10.1038/s41392-022-01105-9.
Recently, a large number of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants continuously emerged and posed a major threat to global public health. Among them, particularly, Omicron variant (B.1.1.529), first identified in November 2021, carried numerous mutations in its spike protein (S), and then quickly spread around the world. Currently, Omicron variant has expanded into more than one hundred sublineages, such as BA.1, BA.2, BA.2.12.1, BA.4 and BA.5, which have already become the globally dominant variants. Different from other variants of concern (VOCs) of SARS-CoV-2, the Omicron variant and its sublineages exhibit increased transmissibility and immune escape from neutralizing antibodies generated through previous infection or vaccination, and have caused numerous re-infections and breakthrough infections. In this prospective, we have focused on the origin, virological features, immune evasion and intervention of Omicron sublineages, which will benefit the development of next-generation vaccines and therapeutics, including pan-sarbecovirus and universal anti-CoV therapeutics, to combat currently circulating and future emerging Omicron sublineages as well as other SARS-CoV-2 variants.
最近，大量的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 变体不断出现，对全球公共卫生构成了重大威胁。其中，奥密克戎变体（B.1.1.529）于 2021 年 11 月首次被发现，其刺突蛋白（S）上携带大量突变，随后迅速在全球范围内传播。目前，奥密克戎变体已经扩展成了一百多个亚谱系，如 BA.1、BA.2、BA.2.12.1、BA.4 和 BA.5 等，已经成为全球主要流行的变体。与 SARS-CoV-2 的其他关切变体（VOCs）不同，奥密克戎变体及其亚谱系表现出了更高的传染性和对中和抗体的免疫逃逸能力，这些中和抗体是通过先前的感染或接种疫苗产生的，导致了大量的再感染和突破感染。在本前瞻性研究中，我们集中研究了奥密克戎亚谱系的起源、病毒学特征、免疫逃逸和干预措施，这将有助于开发下一代疫苗和治疗方法，包括泛沙贝科病毒和通用抗 CoV 治疗方法，以应对当前流行和未来出现的奥密克戎亚谱系以及其他 SARS-CoV-2 变体。
