Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
J Med Virol. 2023 Jan;95(1):e28138. doi: 10.1002/jmv.28138. Epub 2022 Sep 21.
As of November 2021, several SARS-CoV-2 variants appeared and became dominant epidemic strains in many countries, including five variants of concern (VOCs) Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron defined by the World Health Organization during the COVID-19 pandemic. As of August 2022, Omicron is classified into five main lineages, BA.1, BA.2, BA.3, BA.4, BA.5 and some sublineages (BA.1.1, BA.2.12.1, BA.2.11, BA.2.75, BA.4.6) (https://www.gisaid.org/). Compared to the previous VOCs (Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta), all the Omicron lineages have the most highly mutations in the spike protein, and with 50 mutations accumulated throughout the genome. Early data indicated that Omicron BA.2 sublineage had higher infectivity and more immune escape than the early wild-type (WT) strain, the previous VOCs, and BA.1. Recently, global surveillance data suggest a higher transmissibility of BA.4/BA.5 than BA.1, BA.1.1 and BA.2, and BA.4/BA.5 is becoming dominant strain in many countries globally.
截至 2021 年 11 月，几种 SARS-CoV-2 变异株出现并成为许多国家的主要流行株，包括在 COVID-19 大流行期间世界卫生组织定义的五种关切变异株（VOCs）Alpha、Beta、Gamma、Delta 和 Omicron。截至 2022 年 8 月，Omicron 分为五个主要谱系，BA.1、BA.2、BA.3、BA.4、BA.5 和一些亚谱系（BA.1.1、BA.2.12.1、BA.2.11、BA.2.75、BA.4.6）（https://www.gisaid.org/）。与之前的 VOCs（Alpha、Beta、Gamma 和 Delta）相比，所有的 Omicron 谱系在刺突蛋白上都有最多的高度突变，并且在整个基因组中积累了 50 个突变。早期数据表明，Omicron BA.2 亚谱系比早期野生型（WT）株、先前的 VOCs 和 BA.1 具有更高的感染力和更多的免疫逃逸。最近，全球监测数据表明，BA.4/BA.5 的传染性高于 BA.1、BA.1.1 和 BA.2，并且 BA.4/BA.5 在许多国家已成为主要流行株。
