Jayasinghe Maleesha, Jena Rahul, Singhal Malay, Jain Samiksha, Karnakoti Snigdha, Silva Minollie Suzanne, Kayani Abdul Mueez Alam
Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, CHN.
Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth Medical College, Bharati Hospital, Pune, IND.
Cureus. 2022 Jun 15;14(6):e25960. doi: 10.7759/cureus.25960. eCollection 2022 Jun.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as motor neuron disease (MND), is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the weakness of voluntary muscles due to the loss of motor neurons. Symptoms ultimately culminate in the form of respiratory failure due to the involvement of the diaphragm. Unfortunately, there is no known cure for this disease. Hence, supportive therapy is the only available option in most terminal cases. However, Riluzole and Edaravone (EDA) are the only two known drugs approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treating this condition. In 2017, EDA was approved for the treatment of ALS. It is hypothesized that Riluzole and EDA work via a mechanism involving antioxidants, which nullifies the oxidative stress believed to be involved in ALS. However, most studies in several countries have found a wide range of disparities in the efficacy of this drug. In this review, we aim to summarize the differences in results from epidemiological studies across 10 different countries and hypothesize the potential causes of these differences.
肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS），也被称为运动神经元病（MND），是一种进行性神经退行性疾病，其特征是由于运动神经元丧失导致随意肌无力。由于膈肌受累，症状最终会以呼吸衰竭的形式出现。不幸的是，这种疾病目前尚无已知的治愈方法。因此，在大多数晚期病例中，支持性治疗是唯一可行的选择。然而，利鲁唑和依达拉奉（EDA）是美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准的仅有的两种用于治疗这种疾病的药物。2017年，依达拉奉被批准用于治疗ALS。据推测，利鲁唑和依达拉奉通过一种涉及抗氧化剂的机制发挥作用，这种机制可以消除被认为与ALS有关的氧化应激。然而，几个国家的大多数研究发现这种药物的疗效存在很大差异。在本综述中，我们旨在总结10个不同国家流行病学研究结果的差异，并推测这些差异的潜在原因。
