Department of Entomology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
PeerJ. 2022 Jul 14;10:e13749. doi: 10.7717/peerj.13749. eCollection 2022.
The males of Mexican katydids (Stal, 1873) produce calling songs and protest sounds using the typical stridulatory apparatus, situated, as in most of the other Ensifera, at the bases of the tegmina. It includes a stridulatory file on the upper tegmen and a plectrum on the lower one. The calling sounds, which are of two types (fast and slow), are two-syllabic series, with a repetition rate fluctuate within 3-4.5 s (fast) and 1.2-2 s (slow). After tactile stimulation, males produce protest signals in the form of short trills of uniform syllable duration. The syllable repetition rate is higher than that of the calling sounds: 7.7 s. The frequency spectra of these signals have maxima in the band of 14-15 kHz. However, in addition to the sounds described, both males and females are capable of producing protest signals of the second type, with the help of another sound apparatus, namely the hind wings. Apparently, the sound is produced by the friction of the hind wings on the lower tegmen. The dominant frequencies in the frequency spectra of these sounds are 40-60 kHz. In adults of both sexes and older nymphs, in response mainly to tactile stimulation, short clicks are recorded, which they produce, apparently, by the mandibles. Thus, seems to have the most extensive acoustic repertoire among pseudophyllines and three means of emitting sound signals. Tremulatory substrate-borne vibrations are produced by individuals of both sexes during courtship and by males completing the calling signal cycle and after copulation. It is possible that vibrational signals are an additional factor in the reproductive isolation of sympatric species, since the calling sound signals in representatives of the genus are similar and exhibit considerable variability. The type and parameters of the calling signal used by the female during recognizing a conspecific mate remain unclear.
墨西哥蝉（Stal，1873）雄性利用典型的摩擦发声器官发出求偶声和抗议声，该器官位于前翅基部，与大多数直翅目昆虫相同。摩擦发声器官包括上翅的摩擦片和下翅的弹拨片。求偶声有两种类型（快和慢），是由两个音节组成的系列，重复率在 3-4.5 秒（快）和 1.2-2 秒（慢）之间波动。受到触觉刺激后，雄性会以具有均匀音节时长的短促颤音发出抗议信号。音节重复率高于求偶声：7.7 秒。这些信号的频谱在 14-15 kHz 频段有最大值。然而，除了描述的声音外，雄性和雌性都能够利用另一种发声器官——后翅，发出第二种类型的抗议信号。显然，声音是由后翅与下翅摩擦产生的。这些声音的频谱中的主要频率在 40-60 kHz 之间。在两性成虫和大龄若虫中，主要对触觉刺激作出反应，记录到短喀哒声，显然，这些声音是由下颚产生的。因此，似乎在拟叶蝉中拥有最广泛的声学曲目和三种发出声音信号的方式。两性个体在求偶期间以及雄性完成求偶信号循环和交配后都会产生震颤性基质传播振动。振动信号可能是同域物种生殖隔离的一个附加因素，因为该属代表种的求偶声信号相似且表现出相当大的可变性。在识别同种配偶时，雌性使用的求偶信号的类型和参数尚不清楚。
