Romsos D R, Gosnell B A, Morley J E, Levine A S
J Nutr. 1987 May;117(5):976-85. doi: 10.1093/jn/117.5.976.
Effects of the dietary carbohydrate-to-fat ratio on opiate-stimulated eating and on naloxone-, cholecystokinin- and bombesin-suppressed eating were examined. Rats were fed either a high carbohydrate (cornstarch) diet (68% of energy from carbohydrate and 12% from fat), an intermediate diet (40% carbohydrate and 40% fat) or a high fat (corn oil and lard) diet (3% carbohydrate and 77% fat). Other rats self-selected from the high carbohydrate and high fat diets. Subcutaneous administration of naloxone, an opiate antagonist, generally suppressed intake of the high fat diet to a greater extent than intake of the high carbohydrate diet. Neither cholecystokinin octapeptide nor bombesin (administered intraperitoneally) exerted preferential suppression of fat intake. The opiate agonists ketocyclazocine and butorphanol tartrate administered subcutaneously at 1000 h preferentially, although not exclusively, stimulated intake of the high fat diet in a dose-dependent manner during the 6-h feeding trial. Repeated daily subcutaneous injections of butorphanol tartrate caused rats to consume more than 50% of their daily intake during the 6-h period postinjection; intake during the normal night feeding period was suppressed to maintain total daily intake equal to that of vehicle-injected rats. We conclude that stimulation of the opioid feeding system contributes to the overeating often associated with consumption of a high fat diet.
研究了饮食中碳水化合物与脂肪比例对阿片类物质刺激进食以及纳洛酮、胆囊收缩素和蛙皮素抑制进食的影响。给大鼠喂食高碳水化合物（玉米淀粉）饮食（碳水化合物提供68%的能量，脂肪提供12%的能量）、中等饮食（40%碳水化合物和40%脂肪）或高脂肪（玉米油和猪油）饮食（3%碳水化合物和77%脂肪）。其他大鼠从高碳水化合物和高脂肪饮食中自行选择。皮下注射阿片类拮抗剂纳洛酮，一般对高脂肪饮食摄入量的抑制程度大于对高碳水化合物饮食摄入量的抑制。八肽胆囊收缩素和蛙皮素（腹腔注射）均未对脂肪摄入量产生优先抑制作用。在1000 h皮下注射阿片类激动剂环唑辛和酒石酸布托啡诺，在6小时的进食试验中，尽管不是唯一地，但优先以剂量依赖的方式刺激高脂肪饮食的摄入。每天重复皮下注射酒石酸布托啡诺，使大鼠在注射后6小时内消耗超过其每日摄入量的50%；正常夜间进食期间的摄入量受到抑制，以维持每日总摄入量与注射赋形剂的大鼠相等。我们得出结论，阿片类进食系统的刺激导致了通常与高脂肪饮食相关的暴饮暴食。
