University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA.
J Health Soc Behav. 2022 Sep;63(3):319-335. doi: 10.1177/00221465221109634. Epub 2022 Jul 20.
Social isolation has robust adverse effects on health, well-being, dementia risk, and longevity. Although most studies suggest similar effects of isolation on the health of men and women, there has been much less attention to gendered patterns of social isolation over the life course-despite decades of research suggesting gender differences in social ties. We build on theoretical frames of constrained choice and gender-as-relational to argue that gender differences in isolation are apparent but depend on timing in the life course and marital/partnership history. Results indicate that boys/men are more isolated than girls/women through most of the life course, and this gender difference is much greater for the never married and those with disrupted relationship histories. Strikingly, levels of social isolation steadily increase from adolescence through later life for both men and women.
社会孤立对健康、幸福感、痴呆风险和长寿有严重的不利影响。尽管大多数研究表明隔离对男性和女性的健康有类似的影响，但对于一生中社会孤立的性别模式关注较少——尽管几十年来的研究表明社会关系存在性别差异。我们以约束选择和关系中的性别这两个理论框架为基础，认为隔离方面的性别差异是明显的，但取决于人生轨迹中的时间和婚姻/伴侣关系史。研究结果表明，在人生的大部分时间里，男孩/男人比女孩/女人更孤立，这种性别差异在从未结婚和关系史中断的人中更大。引人注目的是，男性和女性的社会孤立程度从青春期到晚年都在稳步上升。
