Coleman A J, Saunders J E, Palfrey E L
J Med Eng Technol. 1987 Jan-Feb;11(1):4-10. doi: 10.3109/03091908709030132.
ESWL is now the treatment of choice for most renal calculi. Large stones (20 mm) and staghorn stones may require preliminary debulking before lithotripsy and stones in the lower part of the ureter require pushing back into the renal pelvis before treatment. Compared with open surgery and percutaneous nephrolithotomy the procedure is less traumatic for the patient and may result in a shorter hospital stay and a faster return to normal life for the patient. It has been estimated that in 10 to 20 years' time around 70% of patients with urinary stone disease will be treated by ESWL.
体外冲击波碎石术（ESWL）现已成为大多数肾结石的首选治疗方法。较大的结石（20毫米）和鹿角形结石可能需要在碎石术前进行初步减容，输尿管下段的结石在治疗前需要推回肾盂。与开放手术和经皮肾镜取石术相比，该手术对患者的创伤较小，可能会缩短患者的住院时间，使其更快恢复正常生活。据估计，在未来10至20年内，约70%的尿路结石病患者将接受ESWL治疗。
