Ahmad Shahzaib, Latif Amber, Mehmood Mehwish, Aslam Ramisha, Abiddin Zain Ul, Mumtaz Hassan, Ahmed Khadija, Mehdi Waqas, Begum Waheeda
King Edward Medical University Lahore/Mayo Hospital Lahore, Pakistan.
KRL Hospital, Pakistan.
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2022 Jun 16;79:103993. doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103993. eCollection 2022 Jul.
Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women all over the world, and it is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in women. A pathologist's partiality for the last digit of a patient's name can lead to errors in the measurement of malignancies. This means that, rather than recording the exact measurement of a tumor, a pathologist might round it off to his preferred terminal digit.
It is a retrospective cross-sectional study in which data on primary tumor resection for 1000 breast cancer patients was obtained from KRL Hospital's patient directory from November 2016 to December 2020. The tumors were measured in cm to one decimal point along their longest dimension. Ki-67 markers were used to categorize the tumors into nine categories. Terminal digit preference was evaluated using Benford's law.
The recording of the Ki-67 index revealed evidence of pentameric preference. The numbers three, five, and six appeared more frequently in the histogram of the Ki-67 index distribution measured in percentage. The frequency of nine dropped dramatically. However, the influence of tumor size terminal digits on Ki-67 staining scores (low proliferative vs high proliferative) assessed using the Mann-Whitney Test demonstrated that tumor size terminal digits had no significant effect on Ki-67 staining scores (p = 0.114).
The Ki-67 index shows evidence of pentameric preference for digits three, five, and six. The frequency of nine has dropped dramatically. The influence of tumor size on terminal digits on staining scores (low proliferative vs. high proliferative) was assessed using the Mann-Whitney Test.
乳腺癌是全球女性中最常见的癌症，也是女性癌症相关死亡的主要原因之一。病理学家对患者姓名最后一位数字的偏好可能导致恶性肿瘤测量出现误差。这意味着，病理学家可能会将肿瘤的精确测量值四舍五入到他偏好的末位数字，而不是记录肿瘤的准确测量值。
这是一项回顾性横断面研究，从2016年11月至2020年12月KRL医院的患者名录中获取了1000例乳腺癌患者的原发性肿瘤切除数据。肿瘤沿其最长直径以厘米为单位测量至小数点后一位。使用Ki-67标记物将肿瘤分为九类。使用本福特定律评估末位数字偏好。
Ki-67指数的记录显示出五聚体偏好的证据。在以百分比测量的Ki-67指数分布直方图中，数字3、5和6出现的频率更高。数字9的频率大幅下降。然而，使用曼-惠特尼检验评估肿瘤大小末位数字对Ki-67染色评分（低增殖与高增殖）的影响表明，肿瘤大小末位数字对Ki-67染色评分没有显著影响（p = 0.114）。
Ki-67指数显示出对数字3、5和6的五聚体偏好的证据。数字9的频率大幅下降。使用曼-惠特尼检验评估了肿瘤大小末位数字对染色评分（低增殖与高增殖）的影响。
