[Violence against ambulance staff].

BACKGROUND

Attacks against emergency medical services are increasingly discussed in the media and in politics, which is reflected in political initiatives and legislative changes. However, there is a rather low number of scientific studies on this topic in Germany that do not represent a consistent image of prevalence. The current article addresses prevalence and situational escalation factors as well as consequences of the incidents and wishes of the emergency medical services regarding attacks.

METHODS

Between May and August 2021, emergency medical services were surveyed using a mixed-methods approach, which included long-term data collection on the frequency of violent crime in the form of an online questionnaire and qualitative interviews of experts and victims.

FINDINGS

Verbal attacks in particular are part of the everyday working experience of emergency medical services. On average, 29% of respondents were insulted, harassed, or verbally threatened. Moreover, an average of 8% of those surveyed were also exposed to physical attacks. At the same time, the need for improvement regarding aftercare as well as education and training are expressed.

DISCUSSION

Education and training courses that raise awareness of dangers, consider de-escalation approaches, and address self-protection could reduce the risk of attacks and thus stress of this kind in everyday working life.