Temporal evaluation of follicular dynamics and endocrine patterns of Holstein (Bos taurus), Gir (Bos indicus), and Murrah (Bubalus bubalis) heifers kept under the same nutritional, management and environmental conditions.

The objective of the study was to simultaneously compare ovarian follicular dynamics and endocrine parameters of taurine (Holstein; n = 14), zebuine (Gir; n = 5), and bubaline (Murrah; n = 15) heifers kept under the same environmental, nutritional and management conditions. Heifers were synchronized with two PGF treatments 14 days apart. Ovaries of cyclic heifers were scanned daily during two consecutive ovulations and blood samples were collected every 24 h from each animal. No significant difference was found for length of interovulatory interval, however, zebuine heifers presented a greater number of follicular waves, number of antral follicles on day of ovulation, and higher insulin concentration than the other two breeds. Taurine heifers had highest maximal diameter of first wave dominant and ovulatory follicles and CL volume. Taurine and bubaline heifer's dominant follicle of first wave had longer static and regression phases than zebuine heifers. Bubaline heifers presented overall lowest progesterone concentrations and CL volume, but higher IGF1 levels. No difference was observed between taurine and zebuine heifers regarding IGF1 concentration. Despite higher CL volume found in taurine heifers, no difference in mean progesterone concentration was observed between them and zebuine heifers. Insulin and IGF1 concentrations were greater in follicular phase than in luteal phase when breed was not evaluated. After evaluating the three breeds simultaneously, at the same nutritional and management status it is possible to conclude that each genetic group has a specific follicular development and endocrinology of the estrous cycle.