Maiti Tushar Kanti, Majhi Jagannath, Maiti Subrata Kumar, Singh Jitendra, Dixit Prakhar, Rohilla Tushita, Ghosh Samaresh, Bhushan Sakchi, Chattopadhyay Sujay
Department of Polymer and Process Engineering, IIT Roorkee Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur, 247001, India.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, IIT Ropar, Punjab, 140 001, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Sep;29(43):64489-64512. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-22087-9. Epub 2022 Jul 21.
Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are emerging as energy conversion devices for large-scale electrical power generation because of their high energy conversion efficiency, excellent ability to minimize air pollution, and high fuel flexibility. In this context, this critical review has focussed on the recent advancements in developing a suitable electrolyte for SOFCs which has been required for the commercialization of SOFC technology after emphasizing the literature from the prior studies. In particular, the significant developments in the field of solid oxide electrolytes for SOFCs, particularly zirconia- and ceria-based electrolytes, have been highlighted as important advancements toward the production of sustainable and clean energy. It has been reported that among various electrolyte materials, zirconia-based electrolytes have the potential to be utilized as the electrolyte in SOFC because of their high thermal stability, non-reducing nature, and high mechanical strength, along with acceptable oxygen ion conductivity. However, some studies have proved that the zirconia-based electrolytes are not suitable for low and intermediate-temperature working conditions because of their poor ionic conductivity to below 850 °C. On the other hand, ceria-based electrolytes are being investigated at a rapid pace as electrolytes for intermediate and low-temperature SOFCs due to their higher oxygen ion conductivity with good electrode compatibility, especially at lower temperatures than stabilized zirconia. In addition, the most emerging advancements in electrolyte materials have demonstrated that the intermediate temperature SOFCs as next-generation energy conversion technology have great potential for innumerable prospective applications.
固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）作为大规模发电的能量转换装置正在兴起，这是因为它们具有高能量转换效率、出色的减少空气污染能力以及高燃料灵活性。在此背景下，本综述在强调先前研究文献之后，重点关注了开发适用于SOFC的电解质方面的最新进展，这是SOFC技术商业化所必需的。特别是，SOFC固体氧化物电解质领域的重大进展，尤其是基于氧化锆和氧化铈的电解质，已被视为朝着生产可持续清洁能源迈出的重要进展。据报道，在各种电解质材料中，基于氧化锆的电解质因其高热稳定性、非还原性和高机械强度以及可接受的氧离子电导率，有潜力用作SOFC中的电解质。然而，一些研究证明，基于氧化锆的电解质由于其在850°C以下离子电导率较差，不适用于中低温工作条件。另一方面，基于氧化铈的电解质作为中低温SOFC的电解质正在被迅速研究，因为它们具有较高的氧离子电导率以及良好的电极兼容性，特别是在比稳定氧化锆更低的温度下。此外，电解质材料领域最新的进展表明，作为下一代能量转换技术的中温SOFC在无数潜在应用中具有巨大潜力。
