Yibeltal Getachew, Yusuf Zekeria, Desta Mulugeta
School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Haramaya University, Oromia, Ethiopia.
Recent Adv Antiinfect Drug Discov. 2022;17(2):131-138. doi: 10.2174/2772434417666220720121051.
The occurrence of multidrug resistant pathogenic microbes has initiated the development of natural antimicrobial agents from plants. Oils from herbal sources have drawn scientific interest due to their potential source of bioactive compounds.
This study was aimed to examine the physicochemical and biological activities including antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of the oil extracted from basil leaves and flowers.
The physicochemical properties of the oil extracts were measured based on oil yield, specific gravity, acid value, free fatty acids and peroxide values whilst the antioxidant activities were assessed by ascorbic acid, DPPH (2, 2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), and hydrogen peroxide free radical scavenging activities. The antimicrobial experiment was conducted based on disc diffusion and broth dilution methods.
The result of antioxidant activity of Ocimum basilicum indicated significantly higher DPPH (86.45%) for leaf oil extract. The strongest antibacterial activity with maximum zone of inhibition (15.47 mm), minimum inhibitory concentration MIC (0.09 μg/ml), and corresponding minimum bactericidal concentration MBC (0.19 μg/ml) was exhibited by the flower oil extract against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC-25923. The strongest antifungal activity with maximum zone of inhibition (15.90 mm), MIC (0.125 μg/ml, the least value), and minimum fungicidal concentration MFC (0.09 μg/ml) were recorded for leaf oil against Candida albicans.
It can be concluded from the present study that the sweet basil flower and leaf oil extracts can be potential antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal agents.
多重耐药致病微生物的出现促使人们从植物中开发天然抗菌剂。草药来源的油因其潜在的生物活性化合物来源而引起了科学关注。
本研究旨在检测从罗勒叶和花中提取的油的理化性质和生物活性，包括抗氧化和抗菌潜力。
基于出油率、比重、酸值、游离脂肪酸和过氧化值来测定油提取物的理化性质，同时通过抗坏血酸、DPPH（2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼）和过氧化氢自由基清除活性来评估抗氧化活性。抗菌实验基于纸片扩散法和肉汤稀释法进行。
罗勒叶油提取物的抗氧化活性结果表明，其DPPH清除率显著更高（86.45%）。花油提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC-25923表现出最强的抗菌活性，最大抑菌圈为15.47毫米，最小抑菌浓度MIC为0.09微克/毫升，相应的最小杀菌浓度MBC为0.19微克/毫升。叶油对白色念珠菌表现出最强的抗真菌活性，最大抑菌圈为15.90毫米，MIC为0.125微克/毫升（最低值），最小杀菌浓度MFC为0.09微克/毫升。
从本研究可以得出结论，甜罗勒花和叶油提取物可能是潜在的抗氧化剂、抗菌剂和抗真菌剂。
