Nanomaterials and Catalysis Laboratory, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit (CPMU), School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), JNCASR, Bengaluru, 560064, India.
International Centre for Materials Science, JNCASR, Bengaluru, 560064, India.
Chem Rec. 2022 Nov;22(11):e202200139. doi: 10.1002/tcr.202200139. Epub 2022 Jul 22.
Aqueous electrochemical nitrogen reduction (ENR) to ammonia (NH ) under ambient conditions is considered as an alternative to the energy-intensive Haber-Bosch process for ammonia production. Many metal, non-metal, carbon-based materials along with metal-chalcogenides, metal-nitrides have been explored for their ENR activity. The reported NH production through ENR is still in the micro-gram level and often falls in the range of NH and NO contaminations from the surrounding. The quantification of NH at very low concentration possess enormous challenge in this field and thus many reported ENR electrocatalysts suffer from reproducibility issue. This review highlights in detail the challenges associated with ENR in aqueous medium and necessitates standardization of protocols to quantify the low concentration of NH free of false-positives. It concludes the prospects of electrochemical NH production through lithium-mediated N reduction.
在环境条件下通过水相电化学氮还原（ENR）合成氨（NH ）被认为是替代能耗巨大的 Haber-Bosch 氨合成工艺的一种方法。许多金属、非金属、碳基材料以及金属-硫属化物、金属-氮化物都被探索用于其 ENR 活性。通过 ENR 报道的 NH 产量仍处于微克水平，并且通常存在来自周围环境的 NH 和 NO 污染。在该领域中，对非常低浓度的 NH 进行定量检测具有巨大的挑战，因此许多报道的 ENR 电催化剂存在重现性问题。本综述详细介绍了在水相介质中进行 ENR 所面临的挑战，并需要对协议进行标准化，以定量检测无假阳性的低浓度 NH。最后，本文通过锂介导的 N 还原来展望电化学 NH 合成的前景。
