University of Missouri, St. Louis, 1 University Blvd., 506 Clark Hall, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA.
Int J Paleopathol. 2022 Sep;38:95-106. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2022.06.005. Epub 2022 Jul 19.
This study combines caries and antemortem tooth loss rates with possible dental interventions and medical texts to evaluate whether dentistry was practiced in Pharaonic Egypt.
The study includes 32 mandibles and 44 maxillae consisting of 485 teeth and 1052 tooth sockets. It includes 14 Egyptian texts on dental treatments.
Human remains were observed macroscopically for carious lesions and antemortem tooth loss. Egyptian texts were translated from photographs.
11 % of teeth were lost antemortem and 42 % of maxillae and mandibles had one or more teeth lost antemortem. One possible dental extraction is presented. Carious lesions were present in 10 % of teeth and 39 % of mandibles and maxillae. One example of a possible dental filling is presented. Two treatments from Papyrus Ebers discuss treatments to fill a tooth.
AMTL and carious lesions were common in this sample, especially in older adults. The possible presence of a dental extraction and a dental filling in combination with textual references to dental fillings indicate dental interventions were sometimes used to manage dental health in Egypt.
This study is the earliest evidence in Egypt for a dental filling in human remains. It also offers an interdisciplinary analysis of dental treatments that indicates, contrary to earlier publications, that dental interventions were practiced in Egypt during the New Kingdom.
The poor dental health of many Egyptian populations makes it impossible to assess how frequently Egyptians used dental interventions.
Future analysis of the dental filling could help determine its composition.
本研究将龋齿和生前牙缺失率与可能的牙科干预和医学文献相结合，以评估古埃及是否进行了牙科治疗。
该研究包括 32 个下颌骨和 44 个上颌骨，共有 485 颗牙齿和 1052 个牙窝。它包括 14 份关于牙科治疗的埃及文本。
对人类遗骸进行宏观观察，以检查龋齿和生前牙缺失情况。从照片中翻译埃及文本。
11%的牙齿生前缺失，42%的下颌骨和上颌骨有一颗或多颗牙齿生前缺失。提出了一种可能的拔牙情况。龋齿在 10%的牙齿和 39%的下颌骨和上颌骨中存在。提出了一个可能的补牙示例。《埃伯斯纸莎草》中的两种治疗方法讨论了补牙的治疗方法。
在本样本中，生前牙缺失和龋齿很常见，尤其是在老年人中。可能存在拔牙和补牙的情况，再加上对补牙的文字参考，表明牙科干预有时被用于管理埃及的口腔健康。
这是埃及在人类遗骸中发现补牙的最早证据。它还对牙科治疗进行了跨学科分析，表明与早期出版物相反，牙科干预在埃及新王国时期已经实施。
许多埃及人群的口腔健康状况不佳，使得我们无法评估埃及人使用牙科干预的频率。
对补牙的进一步分析可以帮助确定其组成。
