Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana.
Food Microbiology Division, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research- Food Research Institute, P. O. Box M20, Accra, Ghana.
Sci Rep. 2022 Jul 22;12(1):12562. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-15157-y.
Brukina is a millet based fermented milk product which is consumed as a beverage in Ghana. It is however prone to aflatoxin M (AFM) contamination, which is a serious health challenge for low and middle-income countries in subtropical regions. This study aimed at evaluating AFM levels and cancer risks associated with brukina (n = 150) sampled from different locations of the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. AFM were measured with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) connected to a Fluorescence Detector (FLD).Cancer risk assessments were also conducted using models prescribed by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Additives (JECFA). Out of the 150 samples analyzed for AFM, 80/150 (53%) tested positive between the range 0.00 ± 0.001-3.14 ± 0.77 µg/kg. Cancer risk assessments of AFM produced outcomes which ranged between 0.64 and 1.88 ng/kg bw/day, 0.31-9.40, 0.0323, and 1.94 × 10-0.06 for cases/100,000 person/yr for Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Hazard Index (H.I), Average Potency, and Cancer Risks respectively for all age categories investigated. It was concluded that the consumption of brukina posed adverse health effects on the majority of the age categories in the different locations of Greater Accra Region since the calculated H.Is were greater than one (> 1). Therefore, contamination of brukina with AFM should be considered a high priority in public health and Ghana's cancer risk management actions.
布鲁金纳是一种以小米为基础的发酵牛奶产品，在加纳作为饮料食用。然而，它容易受到黄曲霉毒素 M（AFM）的污染，这对亚热带地区的中低收入国家构成了严重的健康挑战。本研究旨在评估来自加纳大阿克拉地区不同地点的布鲁金纳（n=150）中 AFM 水平及其相关癌症风险。采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）与荧光检测器（FLD）联用测定 AFM。还使用粮农组织/世卫组织食品添加剂联合专家委员会（JECFA）规定的模型进行癌症风险评估。在对 150 个 AFM 进行分析的样本中，80/150（53%）在 0.00±0.001-3.14±0.77µg/kg 范围内检测为阳性。AFM 的癌症风险评估结果范围在 0.64 至 1.88ng/kg bw/day、0.31-9.40、0.0323 和 1.94×10-0.06 之间，分别为每个年龄组的病例/100,000 人/年的估计每日摄入量（EDI）、危害指数（H.I）、平均效价和癌症风险。得出的结论是，由于计算出的 H.Is 大于 1（>1），因此布鲁金纳的消费对大阿克拉地区不同地点的大多数年龄组都产生了不良健康影响。因此，应将布鲁金纳的 AFM 污染视为公共卫生和加纳癌症风险管理行动的高度优先事项。
