Chen Ziyu, Lan HaiQiang, Liao ZhaoHong, Huang JingWen, Jian XiaoTing, Hu Jijie, Liao Hua
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering; Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
Clinical Medicine in 8-Year Program, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
Cell Biosci. 2022 Jul 22;12(1):112. doi: 10.1186/s13578-022-00847-x.
As the understanding of skeletal muscle inflammation is increasingly clarified, the role of Treg cells in the treatment of skeletal muscle diseases has attracted more attention in recent years. A consensus has been reached that the regulation of Treg cells is the key to completing the switch of inflammation and repair of skeletal muscle, whose presence directly determine the repairing quality of the injured skeletal muscle. However, the functioning process of Treg cells remains unreported, thereby making it necessary to summarize the current role of Treg cells in skeletal muscle. In this review, the characteristics, origins, and cellular kinetics of these Treg cells are firstly described; Then, the relationship between Treg cells and muscle satellite cells (MuSCs), conventional T cells (Tconv) is discussed (the former is involved in the entire repair and regeneration process, while the latter matters considerably in causing most skeletal muscle autoimmune diseases); Next, focus is placed on the control of Treg cells on the phenotypic switch of macrophages, which is the key to the switch of inflammation; Finally, factors regulating the functional process of Treg cells are analyzed, and a regulatory network centered on Treg cells is summarized. The present study summarizes the cell-mediated interactions in skeletal muscle repair over the past decade, and elucidates the central role of regulatory T cells in this process, so that other researchers can more quickly and comprehensively understand the development and direction of this very field. It is believed that the hereby proposed viewpoints and problems can provide fresh visions for the latecomers.
随着对骨骼肌炎症的认识日益清晰，近年来调节性T细胞（Treg细胞）在骨骼肌疾病治疗中的作用备受关注。目前已达成共识，即Treg细胞的调控是完成骨骼肌炎症与修复转换的关键，其存在直接决定受损骨骼肌的修复质量。然而，Treg细胞的作用过程尚未见报道，因此有必要总结Treg细胞在骨骼肌中的当前作用。在本综述中，首先描述了这些Treg细胞的特征、起源和细胞动力学；然后，讨论了Treg细胞与肌肉卫星细胞（MuSCs）、传统T细胞（Tconv）之间的关系（前者参与整个修复和再生过程，而后者在引发大多数骨骼肌自身免疫性疾病中起重要作用）；接下来，重点关注Treg细胞对巨噬细胞表型转换的控制，这是炎症转换的关键；最后，分析了调节Treg细胞功能过程的因素，并总结了以Treg细胞为中心的调控网络。本研究总结了过去十年骨骼肌修复中细胞介导的相互作用，阐明了调节性T细胞在此过程中的核心作用，以便其他研究人员能更快、更全面地了解该领域的发展及方向。相信本文提出的观点和问题能为后来者提供新的视角。
