Walgren M C, Young J B, Kaufman L N, Landsberg L
Metabolism. 1987 Jun;36(6):585-94. doi: 10.1016/0026-0495(87)90172-7.
The present studies were undertaken to determine the effect of various carbohydrates on sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity. Tritiated-norepinephrine (3H-NE) turnover was measured in heart and interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) of rats fed either chow or chow plus 50% caloric supplements of fructose, sucrose, dextrose, or corn starch. Additional studies were performed to examine whether absorption of carbohydrate plays a role in the SNS response, and to determine whether sweet taste in the form of artificial sweeteners may influence SNS activity. After five to ten days on the respective diets, 3H-NE turnover was increased to a similar extent by all carbohydrates tested (from 38% to 160% greater than controls in different studies). Addition of acarbose (which impairs sucrose absorption) to a sucrose-supplemented diet abolished the SNS stimulatory response, whereas cholestyramine (a drug that blocks fat absorption) had no effect. Finally, the addition of saccharin or aspartame to a chow diet failed to alter SNS activity. Thus, caloric supplementation with several carbohydrates, in addition to sucrose, stimulates both cardiac and IBAT SNS activity, absorption of carbohydrate is required for this effect, and noncaloric sugar substitutes do not alter SNS function.
本研究旨在确定各种碳水化合物对交感神经系统（SNS）活性的影响。在喂食普通饲料或普通饲料加50%热量补充剂（果糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖或玉米淀粉）的大鼠的心脏和肩胛间棕色脂肪组织（IBAT）中测量了氚标记去甲肾上腺素（3H-NE）的周转率。还进行了其他研究，以检查碳水化合物的吸收是否在SNS反应中起作用，并确定人工甜味剂形式的甜味是否可能影响SNS活性。在各自的饮食上喂养五到十天后，所有测试的碳水化合物都使3H-NE周转率增加到相似的程度（在不同研究中比对照组高38%至160%）。在补充蔗糖的饮食中添加阿卡波糖（可损害蔗糖吸收）消除了SNS刺激反应，而消胆胺（一种阻断脂肪吸收的药物）则没有效果。最后，在普通饲料中添加糖精或阿斯巴甜未能改变SNS活性。因此，除蔗糖外，补充几种碳水化合物的热量会刺激心脏和IBAT的SNS活性，这种作用需要碳水化合物的吸收，而非热量甜味剂不会改变SNS功能。
