Moore Halim, White Melanie J, Finlayson Graham, King Neil
Queensland University of Technology, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Kelvin Grove, 4059, Australia.
Queensland University of Technology, School of Psychology and Counselling, Kelvin Grove, 4059, Australia.
Appetite. 2022 Nov 1;178:106181. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106181. Epub 2022 Jul 20.
Previous studies have demonstrated that response inhibition training can modify the appeal of palatable and energy-dense foods, thus serving as a potential intervention for weight management, via changes in food selection and intake. However, empirical findings of efficacy have been inconsistent across studies due to heterogenous approaches to measuring salient appetitive outcomes, training implementation strategies, and sample recruitment. Systematic assessment of both affective and motivational components of food reward may help characterise to what extent devaluation can be generalised to nutritionally similar foods post-training. In this mixed factorial experiment, a non-clinical, adult sample completed time-matched single sessions with mobile app-based response inhibition training and control tasks of short (12 min; n = 27) or long (20 min; n = 25) duration. Participants were assessed on two discrete facets of food reward pre- and post-training: pleasure (i.e., explicit liking) and desire (i.e., implicit wanting) for non-specific (i.e., novel) food stimuli differing in energy-density. Consumption of snacks categorised by energy density was also assessed in a laboratory ad libitum taste test post-training. No significant differences were found between intervention and control sessions on explicit liking or implicit wanting for non-specific energy-dense foods. Moreover, participants ate a similar volume of snack foods during both sessions. Training duration did not significantly moderate differences between intervention and control sessions in primary outcomes. Variance between intervention and control sessions in chocolate intake and frequency of choice for energy-dense foods, but not explicit liking, was associated with a higher BMI. Methodological and theoretical implications for appropriate intervention implementation and underlying mechanisms, respectively, are discussed.
先前的研究表明，反应抑制训练可以改变美味且能量密集型食物的吸引力，从而通过改变食物选择和摄入量，成为体重管理的一种潜在干预措施。然而，由于在测量显著的食欲结果、训练实施策略和样本招募方面方法各异，各研究的实证疗效结果并不一致。对食物奖励的情感和动机成分进行系统评估，可能有助于确定训练后贬值能在多大程度上推广到营养相似的食物上。在这个混合因子实验中，一个非临床的成人样本完成了与基于移动应用程序的反应抑制训练及短（12分钟；n = 27）或长（20分钟；n = 25）时长的对照任务时间匹配的单次训练。在训练前后，对参与者在食物奖励的两个不同方面进行评估：对能量密度不同的非特定（即新颖）食物刺激的愉悦感（即明确的喜好）和欲望（即隐含的渴望）。在训练后的实验室随意口味测试中，还评估了按能量密度分类的零食摄入量。在对非特定能量密集型食物的明确喜好或隐含渴望方面，干预组和对照组之间未发现显著差异。此外，在两个训练时段，参与者食用的零食量相似。训练时长并未显著调节干预组和对照组在主要结果上的差异。干预组和对照组在巧克力摄入量以及对能量密集型食物的选择频率（而非明确喜好）上的差异与较高的体重指数相关。分别讨论了对适当干预实施和潜在机制的方法学及理论意义。
