School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2022 Jul 23;22(1):587. doi: 10.1186/s12884-022-04911-9.
This review was conducted to investigate the association between serum vitamin B12 levels as well as folic acid/vitamin B12 during pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
A comprehensive search of electronic databases (Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science) was performed. The odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of GDM risk were summarized using a random effects model. We also performed subgroup analyses to explore the source of heterogeneity.
A total of 10 studies, including 10,595 pregnant women were assessed. Women with vitamin B12 deficiency were at higher risk for developing GDM when compared with those who were vitamin B12 sufficient (OR, 1.46; 95% CI 1.21-1.79; I: 59.0%). Subgroup analysis indicated that this association might differ based on sample size and geographical distribution. Elevated vitamin B12 levels may decrease the risk of GDM by 23%. The role of excess folic acid and low vitamin B12 levels in the occurrence of GDM is also controversial.
In summary, vitamin B12 deficiency is associated with increased risk of GDM, it is necessary to pay more attention to the balance of vitamin B12 and folic acid. However, more in-depth studies across multiple populations are needed to verify these results.
本综述旨在研究孕妇血清维生素 B12 水平以及叶酸/维生素 B12 与妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）风险之间的关系。
对电子数据库（Embase、PubMed 和 Web of Science）进行全面检索。使用随机效应模型总结 GDM 风险的优势比（OR）及其 95%置信区间（CI）。我们还进行了亚组分析，以探讨异质性的来源。
共纳入了 10 项研究，总计 10595 名孕妇。与维生素 B12 充足的孕妇相比，维生素 B12 缺乏的孕妇发生 GDM 的风险更高（OR，1.46；95%CI，1.21-1.79；I²：59.0%）。亚组分析表明，这种关联可能因样本量和地理位置分布的不同而有所差异。维生素 B12 水平升高可能使 GDM 的风险降低 23%。过量的叶酸和低维生素 B12 水平与 GDM 的发生之间的关系也存在争议。
综上所述，维生素 B12 缺乏与 GDM 风险增加有关，有必要更加关注维生素 B12 和叶酸的平衡。然而，需要在更多的不同人群中进行更深入的研究来验证这些结果。
