Department of Dermatology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
J Cosmet Dermatol. 2022 Nov;21(11):6314-6325. doi: 10.1111/jocd.15272. Epub 2022 Sep 5.
Vitiligo is a pigment-related disease with a global prevalence of 0.2% to 1.8% associated with considerable burden on quality of life. The treatment is still a challenge because of relapses and/or incomplete re-pigmentation. Although the exact cause is still unclear, its pathogenesis seems to be justifiable with the autoimmune theory, supported by the results of clinical research. In this narrative review, we aimed to summarize the evidence related to cytokines and vitiligo development. This review is consisted of English articles published in PubMed and Google Scholar concerning levels of inflammatory mediators, especially interleukins, in vitiligo patients over the last 20 years. References of relevant articles were also considered for review. Crucial role of dysregulated levels of interleukins and their synergistic function to each other, in the onset or progression of the disease is evident. The theory of autoimmune vitiligo is reinforced by the results of the studies in the literature, due to the association of pathogenesis with increased secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators and reduction of anti-inflammatory mediators. Decreased vitamin D levels may have a considerable role in vitiligo development by affecting Th1- and Th17-related immune responses. Cytokines play an important role in the pathogenesis or progression of the disease. Moreover, we believe that decreased vitamin D level has a considerable role in vitiligo development by affecting Th1- and Th17-related immune responses.
白癜风是一种与色素有关的疾病，全球发病率为 0.2%至 1.8%，给生活质量带来了相当大的负担。由于复发和/或不完全复色，治疗仍然是一个挑战。尽管确切的原因尚不清楚，但它的发病机制似乎可以用自身免疫理论来解释，这一理论得到了临床研究结果的支持。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们旨在总结与细胞因子和白癜风发展相关的证据。本综述包括过去 20 年在 PubMed 和 Google Scholar 上发表的关于白癜风患者炎症介质（特别是白细胞介素）水平的英文文章。也考虑了相关文章的参考文献。白细胞介素水平失调及其相互协同作用在疾病的发生或进展中的关键作用是显而易见的。由于发病机制与促炎介质分泌增加和抗炎介质减少有关，自身免疫性白癜风的理论得到了文献研究结果的支持。维生素 D 水平降低可能通过影响 Th1 和 Th17 相关免疫反应在白癜风的发展中起着重要作用。细胞因子在疾病的发病机制或进展中起着重要作用。此外，我们认为维生素 D 水平降低可能通过影响 Th1 和 Th17 相关免疫反应在白癜风的发展中起着重要作用。
