Bio-intelligence Research Unit, Sharif Brain Center, Electrical Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2022 Sep;140:104792. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104792. Epub 2022 Jul 22.
Memory and motor deficits are commonly identified in Parkinson's disease (PD). 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is transformed to MPP+ via monoamine oxidase B (MAOB), which causes oxidative stress and destroys dopaminergic (DA) neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and is widely used to create animal models of PD. However, to-date, a comprehensive analysis of the MPTP effects on various aspects of PD does not exist. Here, we provide a systematic review and meta-analysis on the MPTP effects on memory and motor functions by analyzing 51 studies on more than one thousand animals mainly including rats and mice. The results showed that in addition to motor functions such as coordination, balance and locomotor activity, MPTP significantly affects various mnemonic processes including spatial memory, working memory, recognition memory, and associative memory compared with the control group with some differences between systemic and intra-nigral injections on spatial memory, familiar object recognition, and anxiety-like behaviors. Nevertheless, our analysis failed to find systematic relationship between MPTP injection protocol parameters reported and the extent of the induced PD symptoms that can be a cause of concern for replicability of MPTP studies.
记忆和运动缺陷在帕金森病（PD）中很常见。1-甲基-4-苯基-1,2,3,6-四氢吡啶（MPTP）通过单胺氧化酶 B（MAOB）转化为 MPP+，这会导致氧化应激并破坏黑质致密部（SNc）中的多巴胺能（DA）神经元，广泛用于创建 PD 动物模型。然而，迄今为止，还没有对 MPTP 对 PD 各个方面的影响进行全面分析。在这里，我们通过分析超过 1000 只动物的 51 项研究，对 MPTP 对记忆和运动功能的影响进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析，这些研究主要包括大鼠和小鼠。结果表明，除了运动功能（如协调、平衡和运动活动）外，与对照组相比，MPTP 还显著影响了各种记忆过程，包括空间记忆、工作记忆、识别记忆和联想记忆，而在空间记忆、熟悉物体识别和焦虑样行为方面，系统内注射和黑质内注射之间存在一些差异。然而，我们的分析未能发现报告的 MPTP 注射方案参数与诱导的 PD 症状严重程度之间存在系统关系，这可能是 MPTP 研究可重复性的一个关注点。
