Laboratory of Sensorimotor Research, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4435, USA.
School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University (SNU), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2024 Jul;162:105719. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105719. Epub 2024 May 17.
To improve the initiation and speed of intended action, one of the crucial mechanisms is suppressing unwanted movements that interfere with goal-directed behavior, which is observed relatively aberrant in Parkinson's disease patients. Recent research has highlighted that dopamine deficits in Parkinson's disease predominantly occur in the caudal lateral part of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) in human patients. We previously found two parallel circuits within the basal ganglia, primarily divided into circuits mediated by the rostral medial part and caudal lateral part of the SNc dopamine neurons. We have further discovered that the indirect pathway in caudal basal ganglia circuits, facilitated by the caudal lateral part of the SNc dopamine neurons, plays a critical role in suppressing unnecessary involuntary movements when animals perform voluntary goal-directed actions. We thus explored recent research in humans and non-human primates focusing on the distinct functions and networks of the caudal lateral part of the SNc dopamine neurons to elucidate the mechanisms involved in the impairment of suppressing involuntary movements in Parkinson's disease patients.
为了提高意向动作的启动和速度，其中一个关键机制是抑制干扰目标导向行为的不必要运动，而帕金森病患者的这种行为相对异常。最近的研究强调，帕金森病患者的多巴胺缺陷主要发生在人类患者黑质致密部（SNc）的尾部外侧部分。我们之前在基底神经节中发现了两个平行的回路，主要分为由 SNc 多巴胺神经元的头侧内侧部分和尾侧外侧部分介导的回路。我们还发现，当动物进行自愿的目标导向动作时，由 SNc 多巴胺神经元的尾侧外侧部分促进的尾侧基底神经节回路的间接通路对于抑制不必要的不自主运动起着至关重要的作用。因此，我们探讨了近期在人类和非人类灵长类动物中的研究，重点研究 SNc 多巴胺神经元的尾侧外侧部分的不同功能和网络，以阐明帕金森病患者抑制不自主运动障碍的相关机制。
