Peng Haoran, Mirouze Marie, Bucher Etienne
Crop Genome Dynamics Group, Agroscope Changins, 1260, Nyon, Switzerland; Department of Botany and Plant Biology, Section of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland.
Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), EMR269 MANGO, Université de Perpignan, 66860 Perpignan, France; Laboratory of Plant Genome and Development, Université de Perpignan, 66860, Perpignan, France.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2022 Oct;69:102263. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102263. Epub 2022 Jul 21.
Throughout the years, most plant genomic studies were focused on nuclear chromosomes. Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) has largely been neglected for decades since its discovery in 1965. While initial research showed that eccDNAs can originate from highly repetitive sequences, recent findings show that many regions of the genome can contribute to the eccDNA pool. Currently, the biological functions of eccDNAs, if any, are a mystery but recent studies have indicated that they can be regulated by different genomic loci and contribute to stress response and adaptation. In this review, we outline current relevant technological developments facilitating eccDNA identification and the latest discoveries about eccDNAs in plants. Finally, we explore the probable functions and future research directions that could be undertaken with respect to different eccDNA sources.
多年来，大多数植物基因组研究都集中在核染色体上。自1965年发现以来，染色体外环状DNA（eccDNA）在很大程度上被忽视了几十年。虽然最初的研究表明eccDNA可以起源于高度重复序列，但最近的研究结果表明，基因组的许多区域都可以对eccDNA库有所贡献。目前，eccDNA的生物学功能（如果有的话）仍是个谜，但最近的研究表明，它们可以受到不同基因组位点的调控，并有助于应激反应和适应。在这篇综述中，我们概述了当前有助于eccDNA鉴定的相关技术发展以及植物中关于eccDNA的最新发现。最后，我们探讨了不同eccDNA来源可能的功能以及未来的研究方向。
