Balawajder Elizabeth Flanagan, Taylor Bruce G, Lamuda Phoebe A, MacLean Kai, Pollack Harold A, Schneider John A
Public Health Department, NORC at the University of Chicago, Chicago, USA.
Crown Family School of Social Work, Policy and Practice, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA.
Psychology (Irvine). 2022 Mar;13(3):427-442. doi: 10.4236/psych.2022.133029. Epub 2022 Mar 30.
The COVID-19 pandemic has had profound impacts on mental health. We examined whether mental health differed based on sociodemographic and background characteristics, political party affiliation, and concerns about COVID-19.
A cross-sectional, national sample of 1095 U.S. adults were surveyed October 22-26, 2020. The survey collected information on demographics, risk and protective behaviors for COVID-19, and mental health using the Mental Health Inventory-5 (MHI-5) scale. Independent samples t-tests, one-way Analysis of Variance tests, and a multivariable linear regression model were conducted.
Regression results showed respondents with criminal justice (B = -6.56, 95% CI = -10.05, -3.06) or opioid misuse (B = -9.98, 95% CI = -14.74, -5.23) histories reported poorer mental health than those without. Those who took protective behaviors (e.g., wearing masks) reported poorer mental health compared to those who indicated protective behaviors were unnecessary (B = 7.00, 95% CI = 1.61, 12.38) while those who took at least one risk behavior (e.g., eating in a restaurant) reported better mental health than those who did not.
Our study shows that certain groups have experienced poorer mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting that mental health should continue to be monitored so that public health interventions and messaging help prevent the spread of COVID-19 without increasing poor mental health outcomes.
新冠疫情对心理健康产生了深远影响。我们研究了心理健康状况是否因社会人口统计学和背景特征、政党归属以及对新冠疫情的担忧而有所不同。
于2020年10月22日至26日对1095名美国成年人进行了全国性横断面抽样调查。该调查使用心理健康量表-5（MHI-5）收集了有关人口统计学、新冠疫情的风险和保护行为以及心理健康方面的信息。进行了独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析以及多变量线性回归模型分析。
回归结果显示，有刑事司法史（B = -6.56，95%置信区间 = -10.05，-3.06）或阿片类药物滥用史（B = -9.98，95%置信区间 = -14.74，-5.23）的受访者心理健康状况比没有这些历史的受访者更差。与那些认为保护行为不必要的人相比，采取保护行为（如戴口罩）的人心理健康状况更差（B = 7.00，95%置信区间 = 1.61，12.38），而至少采取一种风险行为（如在餐馆就餐）的人心理健康状况比未采取风险行为的人更好。
我们的研究表明，在新冠疫情期间，某些群体的心理健康状况较差，这表明应继续监测心理健康状况，以便公共卫生干预措施和信息传播在不增加心理健康不良后果的情况下有助于预防新冠疫情的传播。
