Haydon David S, Pinder Ross A, Grimshaw Paul N, Robertson William S P, Holdback Connor J M
South Australian Sports Institute, Kidman Park, SA, Australia.
Faculty of Sciences, Engineering, and Technology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Front Sports Act Living. 2022 Jul 7;4:856934. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2022.856934. eCollection 2022.
Prediction of propulsion kinematics and performance in wheelchair sports has the potential to improve capabilities of individual wheelchair prescription while minimizing testing requirements. While propulsion predictions have been developed for daily propulsion, these have not been extended for maximal effort in wheelchair sports. A two step-approach to predicting the effects of changing set-up in wheelchair rugby was developed, consisting of: (One) predicting propulsion kinematics during a 5 m sprint by adapting an existing linkage model; and (Two) applying partial least-squares regression to wheelchair set-up, propulsion kinematics, and performance. Eight elite wheelchair rugby players completed 5 m sprints in nine wheelchair set-ups while varying seat height, seat depth, seat angle, and tire pressure. Propulsion kinematics (contact and release angles) and performance (sprint time) were measured during each sprint and used for training and assessment for both models. Results were assessed through comparison of predicted and experimental propulsion kinematics (degree differences) for Step One and performance times (seconds differences) for Step Two. Kinematic measures, in particular contact angles, were identified with mean prediction errors less than 5 degrees for 43 of 48 predictions. Performance predictions were found to reflect on-court trends for some players, while others showed weaker prediction accuracy. More detailed modeling approaches that can account for individual athlete activity limitations would likely result in improved accuracy in propulsion and performance predictions across a range of wheelchair sports. Although this would come at an increased cost, developments would provide opportunities for more suitable set-ups earlier in an athlete's career, increasing performance and reducing injury risk.
预测轮椅运动中的推进运动学和性能，有可能在尽量减少测试要求的同时，提高个性化轮椅处方的能力。虽然已经针对日常推进开发了推进预测方法，但尚未扩展到轮椅运动中的最大努力情况。本文开发了一种两步法来预测轮椅橄榄球中改变设置的影响，包括：（一）通过调整现有的连杆模型来预测5米冲刺过程中的推进运动学；（二）将偏最小二乘回归应用于轮椅设置、推进运动学和性能。八名精英轮椅橄榄球运动员在九种轮椅设置下完成了5米冲刺，同时改变座位高度、座位深度、座位角度和轮胎压力。在每次冲刺过程中测量推进运动学（接触角和释放角）和性能（冲刺时间），并用于两个模型的训练和评估。通过比较第一步预测的和实验的推进运动学（角度差异）以及第二步的性能时间（秒数差异）来评估结果。运动学测量，特别是接触角，在48次预测中有43次的平均预测误差小于5度。发现性能预测反映了一些运动员在场上的趋势，而其他运动员的预测准确性较弱。能够考虑个体运动员活动限制的更详细建模方法可能会提高一系列轮椅运动中推进和性能预测的准确性。虽然这会增加成本，但相关进展将为运动员职业生涯早期提供更合适设置的机会，提高成绩并降低受伤风险。
