Haydon David S, Pinder Ross A, Grimshaw Paul N, Robertson William S P
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2018 Feb 1;13(2):156-162. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2016-0802. Epub 2018 Jan 29.
Maximal acceleration from standstill has been identified as a key performance indicator in wheelchair rugby; however, the impact of classification and kinematic variables on performance has received limited attention. This study aimed to investigate kinematic variables during maximal acceleration, with level of activity limitation accounted for using sport-classification scores.
Based on their sporting classification scores, which reflect combined trunk, arm, and hand function, 25 elite wheelchair rugby players were analyzed in high-, mid-, and low-point groups before completing five 5-m sprints from a stationary position. Inertial measurement units and video analysis were used to monitor key kinematic variables.
Significant differences in kinematic variables were evident across the classification groups, particularly for the first stroke-contact angle (1-way ANOVA F = 51.5, P < .05) and first stroke time (F = 18.3, P < .05). High-point players used a first stroke-contact angle that was closer to top dead center of the wheel than either other group, while also using a shorter overall stroke time than low-point players. A linear mixed-effects model was used to investigate how kinematic variables influenced performance, with results suggesting that increased release angles (ie, farther around the wheel) and decreased stroke angles resulted in larger peak accelerations. Further investigation revealed that these results are likely influenced by strong relationships for the high-point group, as there was often no clear trend evident for midpoint and low-point groups.
Findings show that various propulsion approaches exist across classification groups, with this information potentially informing individual wheelchair setups and training programs.
从静止状态的最大加速度已被确定为轮椅橄榄球的一项关键性能指标；然而，分类和运动学变量对性能的影响受到的关注有限。本研究旨在调查最大加速度期间的运动学变量，并使用运动分类分数来考虑活动受限程度。
根据反映躯干、手臂和手部综合功能的运动分类分数，将25名精英轮椅橄榄球运动员分为高、中、低分组，然后从静止位置完成五次5米短跑。使用惯性测量单元和视频分析来监测关键运动学变量。
各分类组之间运动学变量存在显著差异，尤其是第一次划水接触角度（单因素方差分析F = 51.5，P < 0.05）和第一次划水时间（F = 18.3，P < 0.05）。高分值球员使用的第一次划水接触角度比其他任何一组都更接近车轮的上止点，同时其总划水时间也比低分值球员短。使用线性混合效应模型来研究运动学变量如何影响性能，结果表明释放角度增加（即沿着车轮更远的位置）和划水角度减小会导致更大的峰值加速度。进一步调查发现，这些结果可能受到高分值组之间强相关性的影响，因为中点组和低分值组通常没有明显的趋势。
研究结果表明，各分类组存在不同的推进方式，这些信息可能为个性化的轮椅设置和训练计划提供参考。
