School of Tourism and Culinary Arts, Zhejiang Business College, Hangzhou 310053, China.
School of Management and E-Business, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
J Environ Public Health. 2022 Jul 14;2022:9161845. doi: 10.1155/2022/9161845. eCollection 2022.
With tourism carbon dioxide emission efficiency (TCDEE) as an undesired output, this study establishes an index system based on the inputs and outputs of TCDEE and measures the provincial TCDEE of China in 2010-2018, using the epsilon-based measure (EBM). In addition, the impactors of TCDEE were tested by the Tobit model. The main results are as follows: China's TCDEEs had obvious provincial differences. Only six provinces reached the efficient frontier of TCDEE, namely, Beijing, Tianjin, Inner Mongolia, Shanghai, Jiangsu, and Guangdong. The other provinces failed to reach this state, leaving a room for improvement. Most eastern provinces had relatively high TCDEEs, while the central and western provinces had relatively low TCDEEs. In the sample period, the TCDEEs in eastern, central, and western parts all changed in the shape of letter N. The TCDEEs of the eastern part were much higher than those of the central and western parts. According to the results of the Tobit model, TCDEE is clearly enhanced by the urbanization level, strongly inhibited by industrial structure, technical progress, opening-up, and environmental regulation, and not significantly affected by the tourism level.
本研究以旅游二氧化碳排放效率（TCDEE）为非期望产出，基于 TCDEE 的投入和产出，构建了指标体系，采用基于ε的测度（EBM）方法测算了中国 2010-2018 年的省级 TCDEE。此外，利用 Tobit 模型对 TCDEE 的影响因素进行了检验。主要结果如下：中国的 TCDEE 具有明显的省级差异。只有 6 个省份达到了 TCDEE 的有效前沿，即北京、天津、内蒙古、上海、江苏和广东。其他省份均未达到这一状态，仍有改进的空间。东部省份的 TCDEE 普遍较高，而中、西部省份的 TCDEE 相对较低。在样本期内，东部、中部和西部的 TCDEE 均呈 N 型变化。东部地区的 TCDEE 明显高于中、西部地区。根据 Tobit 模型的结果，城市化水平显著提高了 TCDEE，工业结构、技术进步、对外开放和环境规制则强烈抑制了 TCDEE，而旅游水平对 TCDEE 没有显著影响。
