Michaud-Létourneau Isabelle, Gayard Marion, Lauzière Julie, Beaudry Micheline, Pascual Laura Rosa, Chartier Isabelle, Herzhaft-LeRoy Juliette, Chiasson Sylvie, Fontaine-Bisson Bénédicte, Pound Catherine, Gaboury Isabelle
Mouvement allaitement du Québec, Québec, Canada.
Département de médecine de famille et de médecine d'urgence, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
Can Med Educ J. 2022 Jul 6;13(3):91-104. doi: 10.36834/cmej.73178. eCollection 2022 Jul.
A majority of women and families wish that their babies be breastfed. However, too many still receive insufficient or inappropriate initial care from health professionals (HPs) who have limited breastfeeding (BF) competencies. We investigated barriers and potential solutions to improve the undergraduate training programs for various HPs.
Focus groups were carried out in three universities in Quebec and one in Ontario (Canada), with 30 faculty and program directors from medicine, midwifery, nursing, nutrition, and pharmacy. Discussions were subjected to thematic content analysis, before being validated in a strategic planning workshop with 48 participants from the same disciplines, plus dentistry and chiropractic.
Substantive improvements of undergraduate training programs for BF could be obtained by addressing challenges related to the insufficient, or lack of, (i) interactions among various HPs, (ii) opportunities for practical learning, (iii) specific standards to guide course content, (iv) real-life experience with counselling, and (v) understanding of the influence of attitudes on professional practice. Several potential solutions were proposed and validated. The re-interpretation of the results in light of various literature led to an emerging framework that takes a systems perspective for enhancing the education of HPs on BF.
To improve the education of HPs so as to enable them to provide relevant support for future mothers, mothers and their families, solutions need to be carried out to address challenges in the health system, the education system as well as regarding the curricular change process.
大多数女性及其家庭希望对婴儿进行母乳喂养。然而，太多人仍未从母乳喂养能力有限的卫生专业人员（HP）那里获得充分或恰当的初始护理。我们调查了改善针对各类卫生专业人员的本科培训项目的障碍及潜在解决方案。
在魁北克的三所大学和安大略省（加拿大）的一所大学开展了焦点小组讨论，参与者包括来自医学、助产、护理、营养和药学领域的30名教员和项目主任。讨论内容经过主题内容分析，之后在一个战略规划研讨会上得到验证，该研讨会有来自相同学科以及牙科和脊椎按摩疗法领域的48名参与者。
通过应对与以下方面不足或缺乏相关的挑战，可大幅改进母乳喂养本科培训项目：（i）各类卫生专业人员之间的互动；（ii）实践学习机会；（iii）指导课程内容的具体标准；（iv）咨询方面的实际经验；（v）对态度对专业实践影响的理解。提出并验证了若干潜在解决方案。根据各类文献对结果进行重新解读，形成了一个新出现的框架，该框架从系统角度出发，以加强卫生专业人员在母乳喂养方面的教育。
为改善卫生专业人员的教育，使其能够为未来的母亲、母亲及其家庭提供相关支持，需要实施解决方案，以应对卫生系统、教育系统以及课程变革过程中的挑战。
