Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2022 Oct;247(20):1819-1826. doi: 10.1177/15353702221108387. Epub 2022 Jul 23.
Parasitic infections acquired by the population cause substantial morbidity worldwide, with individuals from developing countries being most affected. Some parasites remain in the host for long periods, settling in different organs, manipulating the flow of nutrients and metabolites, and influencing the immune response, favoring their adaptation. The host attempts to counteract the metabolic and immunological alterations and the possible damage caused by infection. These metabolic and immunological changes experienced by the host can influence the progression of other existing morbidities or those that will be acquired in the future. Cancer and metabolic diseases are also frequent causes of morbidity in the world population. The large numbers of individuals affected by cancer and metabolic diseases and the high prevalence of morbidity caused by parasitic diseases favor the development of comorbidity involving these pathologies. This review provides an overview of major advances in research on cancer and metabolic diseases associated with parasitic infections. Information about hosts and parasites such as alterations of the immune response, metabolism and adaptation mechanisms of the parasites, and parasitic molecules with therapeutic potential is provided, as well as the beneficial results or complications related to the comorbidities discussed herein. We emphasize the need to conduct additional studies addressing comorbidities associated with parasitic infections to improve the understanding of the impact of this association on the progression of morbidities, as well as the possibility of the therapeutic use of and therapeutic approaches involving parasites.
寄生虫感染在全球范围内导致了大量的发病率，发展中国家的人群受影响最大。一些寄生虫在宿主体内停留很长时间，定居在不同的器官中，操纵营养物质和代谢物的流动，并影响免疫反应，有利于它们的适应。宿主试图对抗感染引起的代谢和免疫改变以及可能的损害。宿主经历的这些代谢和免疫变化可能会影响其他现有疾病的进展或未来可能获得的疾病。癌症和代谢疾病也是世界人口发病率高的常见原因。大量受癌症和代谢疾病影响的个体以及由寄生虫病引起的高发病率，有利于涉及这些病理的共病的发展。这篇综述概述了与寄生虫感染相关的癌症和代谢疾病研究的主要进展。提供了有关宿主和寄生虫的信息，如免疫反应的改变、寄生虫的代谢和适应机制，以及具有治疗潜力的寄生虫分子，以及与本文讨论的共病相关的有益结果或并发症。我们强调需要开展更多研究，以了解寄生虫感染相关的共病，从而更好地理解这种关联对疾病进展的影响，以及寄生虫的治疗用途和治疗方法的可能性。
