Cronin Anne, Ibrahim Nuha
School of Medicine (Public Health), University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2022 Oct;21(10):1429-1442. doi: 10.1080/14760584.2022.2104715. Epub 2022 Aug 1.
Vaccine hesitancy is described by the WHO as one of the top threats to global health. The trajectory of the current COVID-19 pandemic depends upon the vaccination of a global population; therefore, barriers to routine vaccination within marginalized groups considered vaccine hesitant are of critical importance. Consistently, vaccination levels within Roma communities across Europe rate very poorly in comparison with general population coverage, and a number of measles and hepatitis outbreaks over the past 10 years have included Roma communities. This study aims to identify barriers to Roma vaccination in general with a view to informing analysis of potential low levels of vaccination within Roma communities for COVID-19.
The research question explores factors and barriers affecting general vaccine (non-COVID-19 vaccine) uptake within Roma communities across Europe. This scoping review was conducted using the Arksey & O'Malley framework, complying with PRISMA-SR for Scoping Review guidelines.
Using Thomson's 5A's Taxonomy, access was identified as the greatest barrier to vaccination within Roma communities. Access factors had the greatest number of references in this scoping review and were considered the most relevant in terms of increasing vaccination uptake. Important access themes identified are health system issues, socioeconomic conditions, and mobility.
世界卫生组织将疫苗犹豫描述为对全球健康的最大威胁之一。当前新冠疫情的发展态势取决于全球人口的疫苗接种情况；因此，被视为疫苗犹豫群体的边缘化群体在常规疫苗接种方面存在的障碍至关重要。一直以来，与总体人群的疫苗接种覆盖率相比，欧洲各地罗姆社区的疫苗接种水平非常低，并且在过去十年中发生的一些麻疹和肝炎疫情涉及罗姆社区。本研究旨在确定罗姆人总体疫苗接种的障碍，以便分析罗姆社区新冠疫苗接种率可能较低的原因。
该研究问题探讨了影响欧洲各地罗姆社区常规疫苗（非新冠疫苗）接种的因素和障碍。本综述采用阿克西和奥马利框架进行，遵循系统综述与Meta分析扩展版的范围综述指南（PRISMA-SR）。
使用汤姆森的5A分类法，可及性被确定为罗姆社区疫苗接种的最大障碍。在本范围综述中，可及性因素的参考文献数量最多，并且就提高疫苗接种率而言被认为是最相关的。确定的重要可及性主题包括卫生系统问题、社会经济状况和流动性。
