Ferrer Marc, Soto-Angona Óscar, Soler-Artigas María, Ibáñez Pol, Fadeuilhe Christian, Palma-Álvarez Raúl Felipe, Lidai Raquefet, Vargas-Cáceres Sebastian, Ángeles Torrecilla María, López Anna, Ramos-Quiroga Josep Antoni
Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci. 2022 Aug 31;20(3):482-490. doi: 10.9758/cpn.2022.20.3.482.
Agitation in patients diagnosed with personality disorders (PD) is one of the most frequent crises in emergency departments (ED). Although many medications have been tested, their effectiveness has been small or non-significant, and no specific drugs are supported by the available evidence. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Inhaled loxapine (IL) as a therapeutic option for agitated patients with PD.
A naturalistic, unicentric, prospective study was carried out. Thirty subjects diagnosed with PD and attending the ED with episodes of agitation were recruited most of whom were women diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder. Subjects were treated with a single dose of IL (9.1 mg). Efficacy was assessed with the Clinical Global Impression scale, the Excited Component of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS-EC) and the Agitation-Calmness Evaluation Scale (ACES). Patients were followed 60 minutes after administration to measure IL effect and its duration.
IL exhibited an overall efficacy in managing mild to severe agitation, with a quick onset of effect and persistence. 'Effect of time', where IL efficacy is maintained over time, is more marked in higher-severity agitation. No additional treatments were needed to improve agitation during the follow-up time.
Results suggest that IL could be a safe and effective option to manage agitation in PD.
人格障碍（PD）患者的激越状态是急诊科（ED）最常见的危机之一。尽管已经对多种药物进行了测试，但其有效性很小或不显著，现有证据也不支持使用特定药物。本研究旨在评估吸入洛沙平（IL）作为治疗PD激越患者的一种治疗选择的疗效。
开展了一项自然主义的、单中心的前瞻性研究。招募了30名被诊断为PD且因激越发作而到急诊科就诊的受试者，其中大多数是被诊断为边缘型人格障碍的女性。受试者接受单剂量IL（9.1毫克）治疗。使用临床总体印象量表、阳性和阴性症状量表的激越分量表（PANSS-EC）以及激越-平静评估量表（ACES）评估疗效。给药后60分钟对患者进行随访，以测量IL的效果及其持续时间。
IL在处理轻度至重度激越方面显示出总体疗效，起效迅速且持续。“时间效应”，即IL的疗效随时间维持，在激越程度较高时更为明显。在随访期间无需额外治疗来改善激越状态。
结果表明，IL可能是治疗PD激越的一种安全有效的选择。
