Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Surgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2022 Oct;46(10):1833-1839. doi: 10.1038/s41366-022-01182-4. Epub 2022 Jul 25.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Obesity is the main risk factor for obstructive sleep apnoea, commonly occurring in females who are overweight after menopause. We aimed to study the effect of a palaeolithic diet on sleep apnoea in females with overweight after menopause from the population.
Seventy healthy, non-smoking females with a mean age of 60 years and a mean BMI of 33 kg/m were randomised to a palaeolithic diet or to a control low-fat diet according to Nordic Nutritional Recommendations, for 2 years. The apnoea-hypopnoea index was measured and daytime sleepiness was estimated during the intervention.
The mean apnoea-hypopnoea index at baseline was 11.6 (95% CI 8.6-14.5). The mean weight loss was 7.2 kg (95% CI 5.3-9.2 kg) in the palaeolithic diet group and 3.9 kg in the control group (95% CI 1.9-5.9 kg); p < 0.021 for the group difference. The reduction in weight corresponded to a reduction in the apnoea-hypopnoea index in the palaeolithic diet group (r = 0.38, p = 0.034) but not in the control group (r = 0.08, p = 0.69). The apnoea-hypopnoea index was reduced in the palaeolithic diet group when the weight was reduced by more than 8 kg. Daytime sleepiness according to the Epworth Sleepiness Scale score and the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale score was unaffected by dietary group allocation.
A substantial decrease in body weight of 8 kg was needed to achieve a reduction in sleep apnoea in this small trial of women who are overweight after menopause. The palaeolithic diet was more effective for weight reduction than a control low-fat diet and the reduction in sleep apnoea was related to the degree of weight decrement within this diet group.
Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT00692536.
背景/目的：肥胖是阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的主要危险因素，通常发生在超重的绝经后女性中。我们旨在研究原始饮食对超重绝经后女性睡眠呼吸暂停的影响。
70 名健康、不吸烟的女性，平均年龄 60 岁，平均 BMI 为 33kg/m²，随机分为原始饮食组或北欧营养建议的低脂对照组，进行为期 2 年的干预。在干预过程中测量呼吸暂停低通气指数并评估日间嗜睡。
基线时平均呼吸暂停低通气指数为 11.6（95%CI 8.6-14.5）。原始饮食组平均减重 7.2kg（95%CI 5.3-9.2kg），对照组减重 3.9kg（95%CI 1.9-5.9kg）；两组差异有统计学意义（p<0.021）。体重减轻与原始饮食组呼吸暂停低通气指数降低相关（r=0.38，p=0.034），但对照组无相关性（r=0.08，p=0.69）。当体重减轻超过 8kg 时，原始饮食组的呼吸暂停低通气指数降低。根据 Epworth 嗜睡量表评分和 Karolinska 嗜睡量表评分，日间嗜睡不受饮食组分配的影响。
在这项针对超重绝经后女性的小型试验中，需要显著减轻 8kg 体重才能减轻睡眠呼吸暂停。原始饮食比低脂对照组更有效减轻体重，并且在该饮食组内，呼吸暂停的减少与体重下降的程度相关。
Clinicaltrials.gov：NCT00692536。
