Napoli Giulia C, Figg William D, Chau Cindy H
Molecular Pharmacology Section, Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Jul 8;9:912641. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.912641. eCollection 2022.
The focus of precision medicine is providing the right treatment to each unique patient. This scientific movement has incited monumental advances in oncology including the approval of effective, targeted agnostic therapies. Yet, precision oncology has focused largely on genomics in the treatment decision making process, and several recent clinical trials demonstrate that genomics is not the only variable to be considered. Drug screening in three dimensional (3D) models, including patient derived organoids, organs on a chip, xenografts, and 3D-bioprinted models provide a functional medicine perspective and necessary complement to genomic testing. In this review, we discuss the practicality of various 3D drug screening models and each model's ability to capture the patient's tumor microenvironment. We highlight the potential for enhancing precision medicine that personalized functional drug testing holds in combination with genomic testing and emerging mathematical models.
精准医学的重点是为每一位独特的患者提供恰当的治疗。这一科学进展推动了肿瘤学领域的巨大进步，包括有效、靶向agnostic疗法的获批。然而，精准肿瘤学在治疗决策过程中很大程度上聚焦于基因组学，最近的几项临床试验表明，基因组学并非唯一需要考虑的变量。三维（3D）模型中的药物筛选，包括患者来源的类器官、芯片上的器官、异种移植和3D生物打印模型，为功能医学提供了视角，并对基因组检测起到了必要的补充作用。在本综述中，我们讨论了各种3D药物筛选模型的实用性以及每种模型捕捉患者肿瘤微环境的能力。我们强调了个性化功能药物检测与基因组检测及新兴数学模型相结合在增强精准医学方面的潜力。
