Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.
Biomol Biomed. 2023 Feb 1;23(1):126-136. doi: 10.17305/bjbms.2022.7440.
The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of three final irrigants, namely QMix, MTAD and EDTA, combined with three irrigation techniques, namely conventional needle irrigation (CNI), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS), on smear layer removal, dentin mineral content and microhardness in oval-shaped canals. 130 decoronated premolars with single, oval root canals were equally divided into1 blank control group and 12 treatment groups (n=10) according to the final irrigation protocols. Roots in treatment groups were instrumented with ProTaper Gold to size F4 and subjected to final irrigation. Smear layer removal was assessed by using a four-level scoring system under an environmental scanning electron microscope. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was performed to measure the dentin mineral content. Dentin microhardness was measured by Knoop microhardness testing. Statistical analysis of the data was performed by using Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by Dunn's post hoc test with Bonferroni correction. PUI- and PIPS-activated QMix and EDTA removed smear layer more effectively than MTAD groups (p<0.05). Regarding the dentin mineral content and microhardness, QMix groups yielded the least calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and Ca/P ratio, followed by EDTA groups and MTAD groups (p<0.05). QMix groups produced significantly lower dentin microhardness values and higher hardness reduction percentages than MTAD groups (p<0.05). Within the limitations of the present study, it was concluded that QMix and EDTA were superior to MTAD in smear layer removal, especially when activated by PUI and PIPS, but these agents produced more pronounced effect on dentin mineral content and microhardness than MTAD.
本体外研究旨在评估三种最终冲洗液（即 QMix、MTAD 和 EDTA）与三种冲洗技术（即常规针冲洗（CNI）、被动超声冲洗（PUI）和光激声流（PIPS））联合应用于椭圆形根管时对清除玷污层、牙本质矿物质含量和微硬度的效果。根据最终冲洗方案，将 130 颗去冠的前磨牙分为 1 个空白对照组和 12 个处理组（n=10）。处理组的根管用 ProTaper Gold 锉扩至 F4 号，然后进行最终冲洗。在环境扫描电子显微镜下采用四级评分系统评估玷污层的去除情况。采用能量色散 X 射线光谱仪测量牙本质矿物质含量。采用克努普微硬度测试测量牙本质微硬度。采用 Kruskal-Wallis 检验对数据进行统计学分析，然后采用带有 Bonferroni 校正的 Dunn 事后检验。与 MTAD 组相比，PUI 和 PIPS 激活的 QMix 和 EDTA 更有效地清除玷污层（p<0.05）。就牙本质矿物质含量和微硬度而言，QMix 组的钙（Ca）、磷（P）和 Ca/P 比值最低，其次是 EDTA 组和 MTAD 组（p<0.05）。QMix 组的牙本质微硬度值显著低于 MTAD 组，硬度降低百分比显著高于 MTAD 组（p<0.05）。在本研究的限制范围内，结论为 QMix 和 EDTA 在清除玷污层方面优于 MTAD，尤其是当与 PUI 和 PIPS 联合使用时，但这些试剂对牙本质矿物质含量和微硬度的影响比 MTAD 更为显著。
