Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016.
Institute for Systems Genetics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022 Aug 2;119(31):e2123017119. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2123017119. Epub 2022 Jul 26.
is an opportunistic pathogen and chief among bloodstream-infecting bacteria. produces an array of human-specific virulence factors that may contribute to immune suppression. Here, we defined the response of primary human phagocytes following infection with using RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq). We found that the overall transcriptional response to was weak both in the number of genes and in the magnitude of response. Using an ex vivo bacteremia model with fresh human blood, we uncovered that infection with resulted in the down-regulation of genes related to innate immune response and cytokine and chemokine signaling. This muted transcriptional response was conserved across diverse clones but absent in blood exposed to heat-killed or blood infected with the less virulent staphylococcal species . Notably, this signature was also present in patients with bacteremia. We identified the master regulator exoprotein expression (SaeRS) and the SaeRS-regulated pore-forming toxins as key mediators of the transcriptional suppression. The -mediated suppression of chemokine and cytokine transcription was reflected by circulating protein levels in the plasma. Wild-type elicited a soluble milieu that was restrictive in the recruitment of human neutrophils compared with strains lacking . Thus, blunts the inflammatory response resulting in impaired neutrophil recruitment, which could promote the survival of the pathogen during invasive infection.
是一种机会性病原体,也是主要的血源感染细菌。它产生一系列人类特有的毒力因子,可能有助于免疫抑制。在这里,我们使用 RNA 测序(RNA-Seq)定义了原发性人吞噬细胞感染后的反应。我们发现,对 的整体转录反应无论是在基因数量还是在反应幅度上都很弱。使用新鲜人血的体外菌血症模型,我们发现感染 会导致与先天免疫反应和细胞因子及趋化因子信号相关的基因下调。这种抑制的转录反应在不同的 克隆中是保守的,但在暴露于热杀死的 或感染毒力较弱的葡萄球菌属 的血液中不存在。值得注意的是,这种特征也存在于 菌血症患者中。我们确定了主调控因子 外蛋白表达(SaeRS)和 SaeRS 调节的孔形成毒素是转录抑制的关键介质。-介导的趋化因子和细胞因子转录的抑制反映在血浆中的循环蛋白水平上。与缺乏 的菌株相比,野生型 引发的可溶性环境限制了人中性粒细胞的募集。因此, 削弱了炎症反应,导致中性粒细胞募集受损,这可能促进病原体在侵袭性感染期间的存活。