Research Training Group RTG2467, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.
Department of Chemistry, College of Art and Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2022 Jul 26;79(8):449. doi: 10.1007/s00018-022-04468-y.
Intrinsically disordered proteins and regions (IDPs and IDRs) and their importance in biology are becoming increasingly recognized in biology, biochemistry, molecular biology and chemistry textbooks, as well as in current protein science and structural biology curricula. We argue that the sequence → dynamic conformational ensemble → function principle is of equal importance as the classical sequence → structure → function paradigm. To highlight this point, we describe the IDPs and/or IDRs behind the discoveries associated with 17 Nobel Prizes, 11 in Physiology or Medicine and 6 in Chemistry. The Nobel Laureates themselves did not always mention that the proteins underlying the phenomena investigated in their award-winning studies are in fact IDPs or contain IDRs. In several cases, IDP- or IDR-based molecular functions have been elucidated, while in other instances, it is recognized that the respective protein(s) contain IDRs, but the specific IDR-based molecular functions have yet to be determined. To highlight the importance of IDPs and IDRs as general principle in biology, we present here illustrative examples of IDPs/IDRs in Nobel Prize-winning mechanisms and processes.
无序蛋白质和区域（IDPs 和 IDRs）及其在生物学中的重要性在生物学、生物化学、分子生物学和化学教科书中，以及当前的蛋白质科学和结构生物学课程中越来越受到认可。我们认为，序列→动态构象集合→功能原理与经典的序列→结构→功能范式同等重要。为了强调这一点，我们描述了与 17 项诺贝尔奖相关的发现背后的 IDPs 和/或 IDRs，其中 11 项生理学或医学奖和 6 项化学奖。诺贝尔奖获得者本人并不总是提到他们在获奖研究中研究的现象所依据的蛋白质实际上是 IDPs 或包含 IDRs。在某些情况下，已经阐明了基于 IDP 的分子功能，而在其他情况下，虽然承认相应的蛋白质包含 IDRs，但尚未确定具体的基于 IDR 的分子功能。为了强调 IDPs 和 IDRs 作为生物学一般原理的重要性，我们在这里提出了诺贝尔奖获奖机制和过程中 IDPs/IDRs 的说明性例子。
