Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi 921-8836, Japan.
Faculty of Environmental Studies, Tottori University of Environmental Studies, Tottori 689-1111, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 18;19(14):8728. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19148728.
Greenspaces, including parks, provide various socio-ecological benefits such as for aesthetics, temperature remediation, biodiversity conservation, and outdoor recreation. The health benefits of urban greenspaces have received particular attention since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has triggered various movement restrictions and lifestyle changes, including regarding the frequency of people's visits to greenspaces. Using mobile-tracking GPS data of Kanazawa citizens, we explored how citizens' behaviors with respect to outings changed before and during Japan's declaration of a COVID-19 state of emergency (April-May 2020). We also examined citizens' greenspace visits in relation to their travel distance from home. We found that Kanazawa citizens avoided going out during the pandemic, with a decrease in the number, time, and distance of outings. As for the means of transportation, the percentage of outings by foot increased on both weekdays and holidays. While citizens refrained from going out, the percentage change of the percentage in large greenspace visits increased very slightly in 2020. As for greenspace visitation in 2020 compared to 2019, we found that citizens generally visited greenspaces closer to their homes, actually increasing visitation of nearby (within 1000 m) greenspaces. This study of how outing behaviors and greenspace use by Kanazawa citizens have changed underscores the value of nearby greenspaces for physical and mental health during movement restrictions under the pandemic.
绿地，包括公园，提供了各种社会生态效益，如美观、温度调节、生物多样性保护和户外娱乐。自 COVID-19 大流行以来，城市绿地的健康益处受到了特别关注，COVID-19 大流行引发了各种出行限制和生活方式的改变，包括人们访问绿地的频率。本研究使用金泽市民的移动跟踪 GPS 数据，探讨了在日本宣布 COVID-19 紧急状态（2020 年 4 月至 5 月）前后，市民的户外活动行为如何发生变化。我们还考察了市民的绿地访问与他们离家旅行距离的关系。研究发现，金泽市民在大流行期间避免外出，减少了外出的次数、时间和距离。至于交通方式，工作日和节假日步行外出的比例都有所增加。虽然市民避免外出，但 2020 年大型绿地访问量的百分比变化略有增加。与 2019 年相比，2020 年市民对离家较近的绿地的访问有所增加，实际上增加了对附近（1000 米以内）绿地的访问。这项关于金泽市民的外出行为和绿地使用变化的研究强调了在大流行期间出行限制下，附近绿地对身心健康的重要价值。
