Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Industrial Crops Institute of Hubei, Wuhan 430064, China.
National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jul 9;23(14):7615. doi: 10.3390/ijms23147615.
Ethylene promotes ripening in fruits as well as the biosynthesis of anthocyanins in plants. However, the question of which ethylene response factors (ERFs) interact with the genes along the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway is yet to be answered. Herein, we conduct an integrated analysis of transcriptomes and metabolome on fruits of two mulberry genotypes ('Zijin', ZJ, and 'Dashi', DS, with high and low anthocyanin abundance, respectively) at different post-flowering stages. In total, 1035 upregulated genes were identified in ZJ and DS, including in the MBW complex and anthocyanin related genes such as . A KEGG analysis suggested that flavonoid biosynthesis and plant hormone signaling transduction pathways were significantly enriched in the upregulated gene list. In particular, among 103 genes, the expression of showed the most positive correlation with the anthocyanin change pattern across both genotypes and in the post-flowering stages, with a Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) of 0.93. Electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA) and luciferase assay suggested that ERF5 binds to the promoter regions of MYBA and F3H and transcriptionally activates their gene expression. We elucidated a potential mechanism by which ethylene enhances anthocyanin accumulation in mulberry fruits and highlighted the importance of the gene in controlling the anthocyanin content in mulberry species. This knowledge could be used for engineering purposes in future mulberry breeding programs.
乙烯促进果实成熟和植物中花色苷的生物合成。然而,目前尚不清楚哪些乙烯反应因子(ERFs)与花色苷生物合成途径中的基因相互作用。在这里,我们对两个桑树种(‘Zijin’,ZJ 和‘Dashi’,DS,花色苷含量高和低)在不同开花后阶段的果实进行了转录组和代谢组的综合分析。总共在 ZJ 和 DS 中鉴定到 1035 个上调基因,包括 MBW 复合物和花色苷相关基因,如 。KEGG 分析表明,黄酮类生物合成和植物激素信号转导途径在上调基因列表中显著富集。特别是在 103 个基因中,基因的表达与两个基因型和开花后阶段的花色苷变化模式呈最正相关,皮尔逊相关系数(PCC)为 0.93。电泳迁移率变动分析(EMSA)和荧光素酶测定表明,ERF5 结合到 MYBA 和 F3H 的启动子区域,并转录激活它们的基因表达。我们阐明了乙烯增强桑树果实中花色苷积累的潜在机制,并强调了 基因在控制桑树物种花色苷含量中的重要性。这一知识可用于未来桑树育种计划中的工程设计。