Yepes-Bellver Lorena, Brun-Izquierdo Alejandro, Alcalá Julián, Yepes Víctor
School of Civil Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
Institute of Concrete Science and Technology (ICITECH), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
Materials (Basel). 2022 Jul 7;15(14):4776. doi: 10.3390/ma15144776.
This paper deals with optimizing embedded carbon dioxide (CO) emissions using surrogate modeling, whether it is the deck of a post-tensioned cast-in-place concrete slab bridge or any other design structure. The main contribution of this proposal is that it allows optimizing structures methodically and sequentially. The approach presents two sequential phases of optimization, the first one of diversification and the second one of intensification of the search for optimums. Finally, with the amount of CO emissions and the differentiating characteristics of each design, a heuristic optimization based on a Kriging metamodel is performed. An optimized solution with lower emissions than the analyzed sample is obtained. If CO emissions were to be reduced, design recommendations would be to use slendernesses as high as possible, in the range of 1/30, which implies a more significant amount of passive reinforcement. This increase in passive reinforcement is compensated by reducing the measurement of concrete and active reinforcement. Another important conclusion is that reducing emissions is related to cost savings. Furthermore, it has been corroborated that for a cost increase of less than 1%, decreases in emissions emitted into the atmosphere of more than 2% can be achieved.
本文探讨了使用代理模型优化嵌入式二氧化碳（CO）排放的问题，无论是后张法现浇混凝土板桥的桥面板还是任何其他设计结构。该提议的主要贡献在于它允许有方法地、按顺序地优化结构。该方法呈现了两个连续的优化阶段，第一个是多样化阶段，第二个是强化寻找最优解的阶段。最后，结合二氧化碳排放量以及每个设计的差异化特征，基于克里金元模型进行启发式优化。获得了一个排放量低于分析样本的优化解决方案。如果要减少二氧化碳排放，设计建议是尽可能使用高达1/30范围内的高长细比，这意味着需要更多的被动钢筋。被动钢筋的这种增加通过减少混凝土用量和主动钢筋用量来补偿。另一个重要结论是，减少排放与成本节约相关。此外，已经证实，成本增加不到1%，可实现向大气排放的污染物减少超过2%。
